Issues

Question 1

Business Associations

Answer 1

1. Corporations
   - Formation
   - - de facto and de jure corp
   - - piercing the corp veil
   - - ultra vires acts
   - - promoter liability

• Corp management, directors, officers
• • duty of care (BJR)
• • duty of loyalty
• – no self-dealing
• – no usurp corp opportunity
• – no unfair competition
• • duty to disclose material info
• Shareholders
• • rights
• – meetings and elections
• – voting
• – inspection
• – dividend distribution
• • shareholder agreements
• • derivative suits
• Federal securities laws
• • 16(b): short swing profits
• • 10b-5
• – fraudulent statements
• – insider trading
• • Sarbanes-Oxley: enhanced corp reporting
• Fundamental changes
• • dissolution
• • disenter appraisal rights

2. Agency
   - Formation
   - - principal’s duties and remedies
   - - agent’s duties and remedies
   - - P’s liability for A’s Ks (authority)
   - - P’s liability for A’s torts (scope)
3. General partnership
   - formation
   - partnership assets
   - partner rights and duties
   - relations of partner to 3P
   - partner liability
   - dissociation/dissolution/winding up
4. LP (limited partnership)/LLP (limited liability partnerships)
   - formation
   - partner rights and duties
   - partner liability
   - dissociation/dissolution/winding up
5. LLC (limited liability companies)
   - formation
   - no personal liability
   - management interest not freely transferable
   - duty of care and loyalty owed

Question 2

Civil Procedure

Answer 2

1. Proper court preliminary issues
   - personal jurisdiction (PJ)
   - subject matter jurisdiction (SMJ)
   - supplemental jurisdiction
   - removal and remand
   - venue
   - notice
   - choice of law
2. Pretrial procedures
   - pleadings
   - joinder of parites
   - joinder of claims
   - class action
   - discovery
3. Disposition without trial
   - dismissal
   - motion for summary judgment (MSJ)
4. Trial
   - right to a jury
   - judgment as a matter of law (JMOL)/directed verdict in CA
5. Post-trial
   - renewed JMOL/JNOV in CA
   - new trial
   - motion to set aside judgment
   - remittitur/additur
6. Appeal
   - final judgment rule (FJR) and exceptions
7. Use of final judgment
   - res judicata (claim preclusion)
   - collateral estoppel (issue preclusion)

Question 3

Constitutional law

Answer 3

1. Justiciability
   - case or controversy
   - standing
   - ripe
   - moot
   - 11th A
2. State action
3. State power
   - 10th A
4. Federal powers
   - congress
   - judiciary
   - executive
5. Limits on state power
   - preemption
   - DCC
   - privileges and immunities clause
   - contracts clause
6. Limits on state and federal powers
   - 1st A - religion
   - - free exercise clause
   - - establishment clause
   - 1st A - speech
   - - content based
   - - less protected speech
   - - content-neutral
   - - time, place, manner
   - - commercial speech
   - - reasonable limitations
   - – vague
   - – overbroad
   - – unfettered discretion
   - - prior restraints
   - freedom of association
   - due process clause
   - - substantive
   - - procedural
   - equal protection clause
   - takings clause

Question 4

Contracts

Answer 4

1. Applicable law
   - predominance test
2. Contract formation
   - offer
   - - contract terms
   - – QTIPS
   - - termination of offer
   - – revocation
   - – lapse
   - – rejection
   - – counter offer
   - acceptance
   - - mailbox rule
   - - mirror image rule
   - consideration
   - - past/moral
   - - illusory
   - - pre-existing duty
   - - promissory estoppel
   - defenses to contract formation (SUD FILM)
   - - SOF (statutes of fraud): MYLEGS
   - - unconscionability
   - - duress
   - - fraud
   - - illegality
   - - lack capacity
   - - mistake
3. Contract terms
   - PER (parol evidence rule)
   - modification
   - third-party issues (TPB/assignment/delegation/novation)
   - ambiguous terms
   - - course of performance
   - - course of dealings
   - - custom/usage
4. Conditions and performance
   - conditions
   - - precedent
   - - subsequent
   - excuse of conditions (SWAN DIPE)
   - - substantial performance
   - - waiver
   - - anticipatory repudiation
   - - noncooperation
   - - divisibility
   - - impossibility/impracticality/frustration purpose
   - - prospective inability to perform
   - - estoppel
   - excuse of performance (IM FOR SANTI)
   - - impossibility/impracticality
   - - modification
   - - frustration of purpose
   - - operation of law
   - - rescission
   - - substituted contract
   - - anticipatory repudiation
   - - novation
   - - time (lapse)
   - - illegality
5. Breach
   - material v. minor
   - UCC perfect tenter
   - UCC seller’s right to cure
   - divisible contract
   - anticipatory repudiation
   - warranties
   - accord and satisfaction
6. Remedies
   - damages (foreseeable, certain, duty to mitigate)
   - - expectation
   - - reliance
   - - consquential
   - - incidental
   - - nominal
   - - liquidated
   - restitution
   - - damages
   - - quasi-contract
   - - replevin/ejectment
   - - constructive trust
   - - equitable lien
   - specific performance
   - rescission
   - reformation

Question 5

Criminal law

Answer 5

1. Crimes against the person
   - assault
   - battery
   - false imprisonment
   - homicide
   - kidnapping
   - mayhem
   - rape
2. Crimes against property
   - embezzlement
   - extortion
   - false pretenses
   - forgery
   - larceny
   - larceny by trick
   - malice mischief
   - receipt of stolen property
   - robbery
3. Crimes against habitation
   - arson
   - burglary
4. Incomplete crimes
   - solicitation
   - attempt
   - conspiracy
   - merger
5. Accomplice liability
6. Defenses (DIME IN)
   - duress/defense self/others/property
   - infancy
   - mistake
   - entrapment
   - insanity/intoxication
   - necessity

• arrest

Question 6

Evidence

Answer 6

1. Relevance
   - logical
   - legal (balancing test)
   - prop 8 (and exemptions)
2. Public policy exclusions
   - subsequent remedial measures
   - liability insurance
   - offers to: pay medical bills/settle/plead guilty
3. Witness on the stand
   - competency/personal knowledge
   - form of the question objections (NUCALF)
   - - narrative
   - - unresponsive
   - - compound
   - - argumentative
   - - leading
   - - facts assumed
   - opinion (lay or expert)
   - refreshing recollection
4. Privileges
   - attorney/client
   - dr/patient
   - psychotherapist/patient
   - marital
5. Character
   - character “at issue” exception
   - civil
   - - generally not admissible
   - criminal
   - - D must open door (O/R)
   - - P can cross with (O/R/SA), must accept answer, or rebut with own W for bad O/R
   - other purpose (MIMIC)
   - - motive
   - - intent
   - - mistake
   - - identity
   - - common plan/scheme
6. Impeachment
   - character for truthfulness
   - - criminal convictions
   - prior inconsistent statement
   - bias
   - sensory/mental defect
   - contradiction by another W
   - rehab impeached W
   - bolstering the W
7. Hearsay
   - not hearsay
   - - not for truth
   - - W’s PIS under oath
   - - W’s PCS to rebut charge of lying
   - - W’s prior ID
   - - admission by party opponent
   - – adoptive
   - – vicarious
   - – co-conspirators
   - declarant unavailable
   - - FT: former testimony
   - - DD: dying declaration
   - - DAI: declaration against interest
   - - FBW: forfeiture by wrongdoing
   - - W statements
   - - BC: bodily condition for med diagnosis and treatment
   - - PSM: present state of mind
   - - PBC: present bodily condition
   - - PSI: present sense impression
   - - EU: excited utterance
   - documents
   - - PRR: past recollection recorded
   - - BR: business records
   - - PR: public records
   - - AD: ancient documents
   - - LT: learned treaties
8. Documents admitted into evidence
   - relevance
   - authentication
   - best evidence rule
   - hearsay exceptions
9. Judicial notice
   - not subject to reasonable dispute
   - generally known in jurisdiction, OR
   - source accuracy cannot be reasonably questioned

Question 7

Professional Responsibility

Answer 7

1. Lawyer-client relationship
   - loyalty
   - - conflicts of interest
   - – two clients
   - – current client and another
   - – business transactions
   - – government employee
   - – gifts/interest
   - – financial assistance
   - – compensation by 3rd party
   - – organizational clients
   - – imputed disqualification
   - communication
   - scope
   - confidentiality
   - attorney-client privilege
   - fees
   - - reasonable/not unconscionable
   - - contingent
   - - fee splitting
   - - referral fees
   - competence/care
   - diligence
   - safekeeping property
   - relationship/sexual relations
   - withdrawal
2. Professional integrity
   - advertising/solicitation
   - fairness
   - - communication with represented parties
   - - to court/opposing counsel
   - - trial publicity
   - - prosecutor duties
   - unauthorized practice of law
   - reporting ethical violations
   - to public/profession
   - - illegal/improper conduct
   - - frivolous claims/threats of action

Question 8

Real Property

Answer 8

1. Property acquisition
   - adverse possession
   - land sales contracts
   - mortgages
   - deeds
   - wills
   - recording acts
2. Property interests
   - estates in land
   - - freehold estates
   - - future estates
   - joint ownership (concurrent estates)
   - - joint tenants
   - - tenants in common
   - - tenancy by the entirety
   - landlord/tenant
   - - types of tenancy
   - - rent disputes
   - - condition of premises
   - - waste
   - - fixtures
   - - assignment and subleases
3. Land use
   - easements
   - real covenants
   - equitable servitudes
   - profits
   - license
   - lateral & subjacent support

Question 9

Remedies

Answer 9

1. Torts remedies
   - damages
   - - compensatory
   - - nominal
   - - punitive
   - legal restitution
   - - money
   - - replevin/ejectment
   - equitable restitution
   - - constructive trust
   - - equitable lien
   - injunction
   - - TRO
   - - preliminary injunction
   - - premanent injunction
2. Contract remedies
   - damages
   - - expectation
   - - consequential
   - - reliance
   - - liquidated
   - - nominal
   - legal restituion
   - - money (quasi-contract)
   - - replevin/ejectment
   - equitable remedies
   - - rescission
   - - reformation
   - injuctions
   - - TRO
   - - preliminary injunction
   - - specfiic performance

Question 10

Torts

Answer 10

1. Intentional torts
   - assault
   - battery
   - false imprisonment
   - IIED
   - trespass land
   - trespass chattels
   - conversion
2. Intentional torts defenses
   - consent
   - defense self/others/property
   - recapture chattel
   - necessity
   - arrest
   - shopkeeper’s privilege
3. Negligence
   - standards of care
   - negligence pre se
   - res ipsa loquitor
   - affirmative duty to act
   - NIED
   - defenses
   - - contributory negligence
   - - comparative negligence
   - - assumption of risk
4. Strict liability
5. Products liability
   - intentional tort
   - strict liability (product defect)
   - - defenses
   - negligence
   - implied warranty
   - misrepresentation
6. Defamation
   - common law
   - constitutional issues
   - libel
   - slander
   - defenses
   - - consent
   - - truth
   - - privilege
7. Invasion of privacy
   - misappropriation of likeness
   - intrusion into seclusion
   - false light
   - public disclosure of private facts
8. Misrepresentation
   - intentional misrepresentation
   - negligent misrepresentation
9. Misuse of process
   - malicious prosecution
   - abuse of process
10. Other torts
    - interfere with business relations
    - nuisance
11. Third party issues

Question 11

Wills

Answer 11

1. Validity
   - execution
   - capacity
   - conflict of laws
2. Components of a will
   - integrated
   - incorporation by reference
   - acts of independent legal significance
   - codicil
   - pour-over will
3. Revocation
   - physical act
   - subsequent will
   - operation of law
   - DRR
4. Revival
5. Distribution
   - classification of gifts
   - ademption
   - abatement
   - exoneration
   - lapse/antilapse
   - survivor rights
   - bars to succession
6. Intestate distribution
7. Contracts relating to wills

Question 12

Trusts

Answer 12

1. Creation/validity
2. Limitations
3. Types of trusts
   - express
   - testamentary
   - pour over
   - secret
   - semi-secret
   - spendthrift
   - support
   - discretionary
   - charitable
   - honorary
   - totten
   - resulting
   - constructive
4. Administrative
   - powers of trustee
   - duties of trustee
   - - account and inform
   - - not to delegate
   - - impartiality
   - - due care
   - – invest
   - – diversify
   - - segregate
   - - loyalty
   - - defend
   - - enforce
   - liabilities of trustee
   - liabilities of 3rd parties
   - allocation
5. Modification
6. Termination
7. Remedies

Question 13

Community Property

Answer 13

1. Relationship status
   - putative spouse
   - confict of law
   - termination
   - - divorce/disolution/permanent separation
2. General presumptions
   - CP: during marriage
   - SP: before/after marriage; devise/inheritance/gift
   - QCP: domiciled elsewhere but would CP if in CA
   - QMP: putative spouses
3. Title presumptions
   - WMSP (1975)
   - Lucas/anti-Lucas (1984)
   - - DIP (downpayment/improvements/principal) reimbursement
4. Tracing SP
   - exhaustion method
   - direct tracing
5. Management and control
   - CP personal
   - CP business
   - CP real property
   - fiduciary duties
6. Agreements
   - premarital
   - transmutation (1985)
7. Special classifications
   - personal injury
   - pension/retirement/stock options
   - - time rule
   - disability/worker’s compensation
   - severance pay
   - bonuses
   - education/training
   - life insurance
   - business goodwill
8. Preemption
9. Contributions/improvements
   - CP to SP
   - - business
   - – Pereira: favors CP
   - – Van Camp: favors SP
   - - CP to other spouse’s SP (gift presumed)
   - - CP to spouse’s own SP (reimburse)
   - - CP pays off SP purchase price (CP = % appreciation)
   - SP to other spouse’s SP (reimburse DIP)
   - SP to CP
   - - contributions/improvements
   - - businesses
10. Credit acquisitions
    - during marriage = CP presumption
    - intent of lender to rebut CP presumption
11. Debts
    - time of cause of action
    - liability (CP, SP of each)
    - - premarital: debtor SP, all CP unless nondebtor has separate account w/ no access by debtor
    - - marital: all CP, debtor SP, nondebtor SP if necessities
    - order: benefit to community
12. Division and distribution

Question 14

Criminal procedure

Answer 14

1. 4th Amendment
   - arrest
   - routine stops
   - search and seizure
   - - exceptions (SPACES)
   - – SILA
   - – Plain view
   - – Automobile
   - – Consent
   - – Exigent circumstances
   - – Stop and frisk
2. 5th Amendment
   - Miranda warnings
   - right to counsel
   - right against self-incrimination
   - double jeopardy
   - due process
3. 6th Amendment
   - right to counsel
   - right to confront witnesses
   - right to jury
   - right to speedy trial
4. Exclusionary rule
   - fruit of poisonous tree
   - good faith warrant exception
5. Confessions/identification
   - voluntariness
   - due process
   - pleas
6. 8th Amendment
   - bail
   - sentencing