[Jan]NITROGEN POLLUTION

Question 1

Context?

Answer 1

international research programme by South

Asian Nitrogen Hub is being carried out to tackle the challenge that nitrogen pollution

Question 2

What is South Asian Nitrogen Hub?

Answer 2

-a partnership led by the UK’s Centre for Ecology & Hydrology and comprising around 50 organisations from across the UK and South Asia

-India is the only country in South Asia that has
completed its nitrogen assessment over a year ago and

Question 3

About Nitrogen?

Answer 3

• a vital macronutrient for most plants
• most abundant element in the atmosphere.

-atmospheric nitrogen, or dinitrogen, is unreactive
and cannot be utilised by plants directly.

• earlier farmers depended on a natural process called nitrogen fixation for the conversion of atmospheric nitrogen into reactive nitrogen in the soil: nitrogen-fixing bacteria like rhizobia live symbiotically with leguminous plants, providing nitrogen to the plant and soil in the form of reactive compounds like ammonia and nitrate.
• Scientists Fritz Haber and Carl Bosch solved this problem by producing ammonia by combining atmospheric nitrogen with hydrogen gas at high temperature and pressure—known as the Haber-Bosch process. led to The Green Revolution,

Question 4

How nitrogen pollutes?

Answer 4

• Nitrogen compounds running off farmland have led to water pollution
• nitrogen emissions from industry, agriculture and vehicles make a big contribution to air pollution.
• Mostly nitrogen jamini khalich rahato -> pan jevha to environment madhe jaun react karato tevha pollution hota

Question 5

Impacts

Answer 5

• nitrate-contaminated drinking water can cause reduced blood function, cancer and endemic goiters
• creates of harmful algal blooms-> Fish var parinam hoto
• Contamination of drinking water
• Nitrate fertilizers vaprun jamin jaast kharab hote
• release of Nitrous Oxide is essentially a greenhouse gas