What does the population tell us about Japans population demographics both now and in the future?
Japans population pyramid is concave and will continue in this shape due to japans falling birth rate, there could be an increase in older generations though, as japan has an ageing population and have a high life expectancy of 84.45 years.
What reasons are there for the ageing population?
-High life expectancy
- Low fertility rate
- Economy and culture
- Virginity and abstinence rates
How much of japans population was over 65 in 2019?
28%
Reasons for ageing population in Japan (2)
- Japans population has been constantly shrinking since 2011
- Excellent healthcare and sanitation increasing life expectancy
- Low fat diets making people healthier
- Better air quality die to using less fossil fuels
- Contraception is accessable and widely used
- Price of schooling has increased meaning more families can only afford to have one child.
What is the state of Japans economy?
Japan is the third largest economy worldwide (GDP per person is $48,324 per annum making a good quality of life.)
What has changed with womens lives to change the population of Japan?
Women have become increasingly important in the workplace which lowers fertility rates.
What are japans death rates?
Death rates are 9.9/1000 meaning Japans natural decrease and population has only stabalised due to migration.
What stage of the dtm is japan in?
5
How much is japans population set to decrease by 2050?
30%
Whats the infant mortality rate in Japan?
2.2/1000 live births which is one of the lowest in the world.
What percentage of Japans population is young dependant?
13.5
How will japans population become more dependant?
The future population will become too dependant as there will be too many older people that are reliant on younger generations.
Positive impacts of Japans ageing population?
- There is a growth in the number of private hospitals specialising in healthcare for the elderly and so this creates jobs and income
- There is increasing demand for leisure activities and tourism among the affluent and elderly- generating income and jobs
- Due to globalisation the japanese manufacturing industry is still very successful and income from large tncs like toyota and sony bring revenue to support the economy
- Japan is embracing robotic technology to help the elderly- including pet companions bionic limbs and even robots to help them go to the toilet. The industry is already worth $1 billion to the economy.
Negative impacts due to Japans ageing population?
- 40% of all government public spending is on the elderly
- Pressure on care services for the elderly means more medical and care worker are needed
- There is a rising number of cases of dementia
- More elderly are having to return to work to make up their income- 3,500 over 65s work for mcdonalds
- 25% of the governments budget is spent on pensions/ social security
- The working population is shrinking fast
- There is an increasing pressure on NGOs to provide care for the elderly as government led care services cant cope.
What is an aim for retirement age in Japan?
Push for people to stay in work and active to tackle labour shortage and welfare costs. Plans to extend retirement age to 71.
How do taxes influence the population?
Consumption tax raised by 5% in 2015 which doubled in 2019- to maintain revenue to care for the elderly
How does immigration of skilled workers influence Japans ageing population?
immigrants must pass a tough language test. 2.2 million, mainly from China and SE Asian countries. Japan needs a net migration of over 340,000 people a year to maintain its population- unlikely it will be able to cope with this.
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