Jaundice

Question 1

What is it?

Answer 1

Excessive bilirubin (orange/yellow pigment) in the blood

Question 2

Etiology

Answer 2

Liver disfunction
-Usually metabolized in liver and excreted in urine and stool.

Bile duct obstruction
-Bilirubin is a component of bile. If duct is obstructed, could cause back up.

Hemolytic anemia (excessive breakdown of RBC)
-Bilirbin is produced during normal breakdown of RBC

Question 3

Laterality?

Answer 3

Bilateral

Question 4

Symptoms

Answer 4

Yellow discoloration of eyes and skin

Question 5

Signs

Answer 5

Sclera Icterus (diffuse yellowing of the sclera) 
Yellowing of the skin starting from the head down

Question 6

Sclera Icterus

Answer 6

Diffuse yellowing of the sclera

Question 7

Management

Answer 7

ALWAYS refer out for systemic treatment.

Question 8

Affects __% of newborns and __% of premature babies
Due to what?
usually resolves when?

Answer 8

60%
80%

Due to immaturity of the liver or decreased elimination of urine/stool due to difficulty with breastfeeding.
Usually resolves by first week of life