Joints

Question 1

joints functions

Answer 1

joints are where two bones meet, provide support and allow or decrease bone movement
bones that fit tightly together=little movement and stronger
loosely fitted joints= range of movements are weaker and prone to dislocation

Question 2

types of joints

Answer 2

fixed, cartilaginous, synovial, ball and socket, hinge, pivot, gliding, saddle and condyliod

Question 3

fibrous or fixed joints

Answer 3

• no movement
• incredibly strong
  eg. joints, skull

Question 4

cartilaginous

Answer 4

• limited movement

eg. vertebral discs, between ribs and sternum

Question 5

synovial or freely moveable

Answer 5

• allow large range of movement

eg. shoulder, hip, knee and elbow

Question 6

ball and socket

Answer 6

• rounded head of one bone fits into a cup like cavity of another ,allows 360 degrees of range of motion
  eg. shoulder or hip

Question 7

hinge joint

Answer 7

• allows movement in one plane only like a door
• convex surface of one bone fits concave surface of another
  eg. elbow and knee

Question 8

pivot joint

Answer 8

• rounded, pointed or conical end of one bone articulates with a ring formed by a bone and/or ligament
  eg. between first and second vertebra allowing the head to rotate

Question 9

gliding joint

Answer 9

• movement occurs side-to-side or in a back and forth motion, restricted by the ligaments or boney processes around the joint
  eg. carpal bones in wrists and ankles

Question 10

saddle joint

Answer 10

• the two bones are both saddle shaped (concave in one direction and convex the other) allows side to side movement and back and forth
  eg. thumb and palm of the hand

Question 11

condyliod joint

Answer 11

• full convex shape of one bone fits full concave shape of an adjoining bone
• movement in all directions through not full rotations
  eg. joint in the wrist

Question 12

synovial cavity

Answer 12

space between two bones

Question 13

articular capsule

Answer 13

surrounds cavity, made of 2 membranes

Question 14

synovial fluid

Answer 14

in the cavity it provides nourishment and removes debris from wear and tear

• no friction
• nourishment

Question 15

articular cartilage

Answer 15

covers the articulating surface for smooth movement

Question 16

bursae

Answer 16

little sacs of fluid that prevents friction between bone and ligament/tendon/skin

Question 17

accessory ligament

Answer 17

holds bones together and helps prevent dislocation

eg. ACL or MCL