Joints

Question 1

What do two bones form?

Answer 1

Every bone in the human body forms a joint with at least one other bone

Question 2

What is the exception of joints?

Answer 2

The hyoid bone of the neck

Question 3

What does the functional classification focus on?

Answer 3

The functional classification focuses on the amount of movement allowed by the joint

Question 4

Three functional classifications (3):

Answer 4

• Synarthroses
• Amphiarthroses
• Diarthroses

Question 5

What are synarthroses?

Answer 5

Immoveable joints

Question 6

What are amphiarthroses?

Answer 6

Slightly moveable joints

Question 7

What are diarthroses?

Answer 7

Freely moveable joints

Question 8

What causes sprains to happen?

Answer 8

Result when ligaments reinforcing a joint are stretched or torn

Question 9

What are common sprain sites in the human body? (3)

Answer 9

• Lumbar region of the spine
• Ankle
• Knee

Question 10

What is another name for dislocation?

Answer 10

Luxation

Question 11

How do dislocations (laxations) occur?

Answer 11

Occur when bones are forced out of alignment

Question 12

What are dislocations (luxation) accompanied by? (3)

Answer 12

• Sprains
• Inflammation
• Joint immobilization

Question 13

What can dislocations result from? When are they common? (2)

Answer 13

• Dislocations may result from serious falls
• Are common contact sport injuries

Question 14

How do cartilage injuries happen?

Answer 14

Most cartilage injuries involve tearing of the knee - menisci

Question 15

What is the menisci?

Answer 15

Semilunar cartilage pad

Question 16

What kind of blood supply does cartilage have? (2)

Answer 16

• Avascular
• Has no blood supply to it

Question 17

What can cartilage rarely obtain? What happens when it is torn? (2)

Answer 17

• Rarely can obtain sufficient nourishment to repair itself
• Thus, it usually stays torn

Question 18

What is arthroscopic surgery?

Answer 18

A common procedure performed by physicians to remove the central (nonvascular) part of the damaged cartilage

Question 19

What is bursitis? What is it caused by? (2)

Answer 19

• Inflammation of the bursa
• Usually caused by a blow or friction

Question 20

Example of what can cause bursitis:

Answer 20

Falling on one’s knee may result in a painful bursitis, of the prepatellar bursa

Question 21

What is bursitis known as?

Answer 21

This is commonly known as housemaid’s knee or water on the knee

Question 22

What is student’s elbow known as?

Answer 22

Olecranon bursitis

Question 23

What causes student’s elbow?

Answer 23

Caused by prolonged leaning on one’s elbow damaging the bursa close to the olecranon process

Question 24

What is tendonitis?

Answer 24

Inflammation of tendnn sheaths

Question 25

What causes tendonitis?

Answer 25

Caused by overuse

Question 26

What do the symptoms of tendonitis mirror? (2)

Answer 26

Bursitis - Pain, swelling

Question 27

What is treatment for tendonitis?(3)

Answer 27

- Rest - Ice - Anti-inflammatory drugs

Question 28

How many types of arthritis are there?

Answer 28

Over 100 types

Question 29

Description of arthritis: (3)

Answer 29

- Inflammatory - Degenerative diseases - That damage the joints

Question 30

What kind of disease is arthritis?

Answer 30

Most widespread crippling disease in the United States

Question 31

How many people in America get arthritis?

Answer 31

One out of seven Americans suffers from its ravages

Question 32

Abbreviation for Osteoarthritis:

Answer 32

OA

Question 33

What kind of arthritis is osteoarthritis?

Answer 33

The most common chronic (long term) arthritis

Question 34

What is OA called?

Answer 34

Is often called "wear and tear" arthritis

Question 35

Who is OA most prevalent in?

Answer 35

Most prevalent in the aged

Question 36

What is OA related to?

Answer 36

Probably related to normal aging process

Question 37

What is the trigger for rheumatoid arthritis? (2)

Answer 37

- Initial trigger of this reactions is unknown - Streptococcus bacterium and viruses have been suspect

Question 38

What is another name for gouty arthritis?

Answer 38

Gout

Question 39

What is uric acid?

Answer 39

A normal waste product of nucleic acid of metabolism

Question 40

What causes gout?

Answer 40

Uric acid accumulates in the blood and may be deposited as needle shaped crystals in the soft tissue of joints

Question 41

What is another name for gout and why? (2)

Answer 41

- Rich man's disease - Because of the types of foods that can cause it