JTAC Prep

Question 1

Define BOC

Answer 1

Bombs On Coordinate attack is used when the JTAC determines that the desired effects can be created against the target with CAS A/C employing ordnance on a specific set of coordinates. And A/C needs to provide a system readback.

Question 2

Define CAS

Answer 2

Close air support is air action against hostile targets which are in close proximity to friendly forces and which require(s) detailed integration of each air mission with the fire and movement of those forces.

Question 2

Define BOT

Answer 2

Bombs On Target attack is used when the JTAC’s intended target or mark is TALLY/CONTACT/CAPTURED by the A/C.

Question 3

Define ETD

Answer 3

Enhanced Target Description is painting a picture in the mind of the aircrew, how the target area looks like when they ingress and where the target can be found in that area.

Question 4

Define JTAC

Answer 4

The JTAC is a qualified and certified individual who, most often from a forward position, directs the action of combat aircraft engaged in CAS and other air operations. The JTAC provides the ground commander with recommendations on the use of CAS and its integration with ground manoeuvre.

Question 5

Define TAC

Answer 5

Terminal Attack Control is the authority to control the manoeuvre of, and grant weapons release clearance (or aborting) to attacking aircraft.

Question 6

MK-81

Answer 6

250 lbs, no guidance

Question 7

MK-82

Answer 7

500 lbs, no guidance

Question 8

MK-83

Answer 8

1000 lbs, no guidance

Question 9

MK-84

Answer 9

2000 lbs, no guidance

Question 10

BLU-109

Answer 10

2000 lbs, bunker-buster (Penetrator)

Question 11

BLU-126

w

Answer 11

Low Collateral Damage Bomb, small explosive

Question 12

BLU-129

Answer 12

Low Collateral Damage Bomb, minimal fragmentation

Question 13

BSU-49

Answer 13

500 lbs, high/low drag

Question 14

BSU-50

Answer 14

2000 lbs, high/low drag

Question 15

GBU-12

Answer 15

500 lbs, PW II, SAL

Bang-bang principle, delayed lasing procedure, Semi Active Laser

Question 16

GBU-16

Bang-bang principle, delayed lasing procedure, Semi Active Laser

Answer 16

1000 lbs, PW II, SAL

Bang-bang principle, delayed lasing procedure, Semi Active Laser

Question 17

GBU-12

Answer 17

2000 lbs, PW II, SAL

Bang-bang principle, delayed lasing procedure, Semi Active Laser

Question 18

GBU-51

Answer 18

LCDB, SAL, Smaller Explosive

Low Collateral Damage Bomb, Semi Active Laser, Similar to BLU-126

Question 19

GBU-22

Answer 19

500 lbs, PW III, SAL

Smoother corrections, continuous laser procedure, Semi Active Laser

Question 20

GBU-24

Answer 20

2000 lbs, PW III, SAL

Smoother corrections, continuous laser procedure, Semi Active Laser

Question 21

GBU-38

Answer 21

500 lbs, JDAM

Joint Direct Attack Munition

Question 22

GBU-32

Answer 22

1000 lbs, JDAM

Joint Direct Attack Munition

Question 23

GBU-31 (V)1

Answer 23

2000 lbs, JDAM

Joint Direct Attack Munition

Question 24

GBU-39

Answer 24

SDB (< 200mm), JDAM ## Footnote Small Diamater Bomb, Joint Direct Attack Munition

Question 25

GBU-31 (V)3

Answer 25

2000 lbs, Penetrator, JDAM ## Footnote Joint Direct Attack Munition, Similar to BLU-109

Question 26

GBU-38 (V)4

Answer 26

LCDB, smaller explosive, JDAM ## Footnote Low Collateral Damage Bomb, Joint Direct Attack Munition, Similar to BLU-126

Question 27

GBU-38 (V)5

Answer 27

LCDB, minimal frag, JDAM ## Footnote Low Collateral Damage Bomb, Joint Direct Attack Munition, Similar to BLU-129

Question 28

GBU-49

Answer 28

500 lbs, PW IV (preference is laser) ## Footnote Semi Active Laser + GPS + Enhanced Computer Control Group (enabling airburst)

Question 29

GBU-50

Answer 29

2000 lbs, PW IV (preference is laser) ## Footnote Semi Active Laser + GPS + Enhanced Computer Control Group (enabling airburst)

Question 30

GBU-54

Answer 30

500 lbs, Laser JDAM (preference GPS) ## Footnote Joint Direct Attack Munition

Question 31

GBU-53

Answer 31

mmW, SAL, Link16 ## Footnote milimeter-Wave, Semi Active Laser

Question 32

Advantages of GPB

Answer 32

* Flexible and easy to deliver * Available in large quantities * Used in any delivery mode * Accurate in low and med level deliveries * Cheap

Question 33

Disadvantages of GPB

Answer 33

* Limited penetration * Limited effect against armor (accuracy and impact angle) * May require overflight of target * Not accurate from hight altitude

Question 34

Advantages of Laser Guided

Answer 34

* Effective against moving targets * No need for an exact coordinate

Question 35

Disdvantages of Laser Guided

Answer 35

* Require LOS to target * Vulnerable to weather conditions

Question 36

Advantages of GPS Guided

Answer 36

* Does not require LOS to target * Effective in all weather conditions * Good stand-off * Launch and forget

Question 37

Advantages of Guns

Answer 37

* Accurate * Low collateral damage

Question 37

Disadvantages of GPS Guided

Answer 37

* Less effective against moving targets * Susceptible against GPS jamming * Requires exact coordinates of target (CAT 1/2)

Question 38

Disadvantages of Guns

Answer 38

* Limited kill capability compared to bombs * No stand-off

Question 39

Considerations on CAS employment

Answer 39

1. Integration in Commander's CONOPS 2. FW aircraft 3. RW aircraft 4. UAS 5. Friendly Fire 6. Civilian casualties (collateral damage)

Question 40

Advantages of low/very low altitude tactics

Answer 40

**WADASGRAP** * **W**eather: More visibility with low cloud level * **AD**: Decreases enemy AD systems acquisition time * **A**ir **S**uperiority: Usable without having (local) air superiority * **G**eometry: Easier to assess aircraft geometry * **R**adar: Degrades ground control interceptor radar * **A**ccuracy: Improved accuracy for unguided weapons due to shorter slant ranges at low altitude * **P**sychological: Provides a psychological effect

Question 40

Conditions for effective CAS

Answer 40

**PECCTASE** **P**lanning and integration **E**ffective training and proficiency **C**ommand and control **C**ontrol of the air **T**arget marking **A**ppropriate ordnance **S**treamlined and flexible procedures **E**nvironmental conditions

Question 41

Disadvantages of low/very low altitude tactics

Answer 41

**TOCTFEN** * **T**errain: Terrain avoidance and formation control are demanding * **O**bservation: Observation from the target area is limited, resulting in more difficult target acquisition * **C**omms: Reduced comms effectiveness due to LOS limitations * **T**imings: Attack timings and geometry are more critical * **F**uel: Higher fuel consumption, less loiter time * **E**xposes A/C: Exposes A/C to SAF, ADA and MANPADS * **N**avigation: Navigation requires a high level proficiency

Question 42

12 Step CAS Execution

Answer 42

1. Routing/Safety of Flight 2. CAS Aircraft Check-in 3. Situation Update 4. Game Plan 5. CAS Brief 6. Remarks/Restrictions 7. Readbacks 8. (Target) Correlation 9. Attack 10. Assess Effectiveness 11. Battle Damage Assessment 12. Routing/Safety of Flight

Question 43

Routing/Safety of Flight

Answer 43

Radiocheck Authenticate (RAMROD) Safety: * SA threats * IP (FW) / BP (RW) / CP / EP * Other A/C * GBFS Routing: * Current position & altitude * Proceed (location & FL) * Maintain * Report

Question 44

CAS Aircraft Check-in

Answer 44

**MNPOPCA** * **M**ission number * **N**umber and type of A/C * **P**osition and altitude * **O**rdnance and fuzing * **P**laytime * **C**apablities * **A**bort code

Question 45

Situation Update

Answer 45

**TEFACHR** * **T**hreats * **E**nemy Situation * **F**riendlies * **A**rtillery * **C**learance Authority * **H**azards * **R**emarks and Restrictions (with commander's intent)

Question 46

Game Plan

Answer 46

**TMOI** * **T**ype of TAC * **M**ethod of Attack * **O**rdnance and fuzing * **I**nterval

Question 47

Define Type 1 Control

Answer 47

Type 1 control is used when thet JTAC requires control of **individual attakcs** and the situation requires the JTAC to **visually acquire the attacking aircraft and the target** for each attack. During the terminal phase of the attack the JTAC will visually acquire the target and the attacking aircraft, and **prior to weapon release, assess the aircrafts geometry after wings levle out**.

Question 48

Define Type 2 Control

Answer 48

The JTAC must visually acquire the target **or utilize targeting data from another asses with accurate real-time targeting information**. Type 2 control requires control of individual attacks. While not required, if the tactical situation allows, **the JTAC should make every effort to visually acquire the attacking aircraft and asses attack geometry**. This is in order to provide an additional measure of safety, enhance SA, and be able to abort attack if necessary. ## Footnote 1) Observing the target is more important than observing the A/C with a Type 2 control. 2) Remote observer on the radio is sufficient for accurate real-time targeting information.

Question 49

Define Type 3 Control

Answer 49

Type 3 control is used when the JTAC requires the ability to **provide clearance for multiple attacks within a single engagement subject to specific attack restrictions**. While not required, if the tactical situation allows, **the JTAC should make every effort to visually acquire the attacking aircraft and asses attack geometry**. This is in order to provide an additional measure of safety, enhance SA, and be able to abort attack if necessary. ## Footnote 1) Observing the A/C is more important than observing the targets in a Type 3 control.

Question 50

Advantages of BOC

Answer 50

* Ability to follow and engage moving targets * Low threat environments that require continuous target observation by A/C * No ability/need to produce accurate coordinates

Question 51

Disadvantages of BOC

Answer 51

* Time consuming * Maybe hard to visually acquire target for attacking A/C in adverse weather conditions