1
Q
What is The Synagogue?
A
The Jewish place of worship
2
Q
What is The Star of David?
A
The symbol of Judaism
3
Q
What is The Ark?
A
Cupboard that houses the Torah scrolls - the most IMPORTANT feature in the SYNAGOGUE
4
Q
What are The Ten Commandments (in terms of in a synagogue) ?
A
These decorate the Ark, reminding Jews of their most important laws (rules)
5
Q
What is The Bimah?
A
Platform in the CENTRE of the synagogue. The Torah scrolls are read from here, RAISED part of the synagogue to show RESPECT
6
Q
What is The Menorah?
A
A SEVEN-BRANCHED candle stick - representing each day of GOD’S CREATION
7
Q
What is The Ner Tamid?
A
Eternal light. Always burning. Its shows God is always present.
8
Q
What are the Stained Glass Windows in a synagogue?
A
Show important symbolism of faith doesn’t have people as this is considered as idolatry for Jewish people.
9
Q
What is The Gallery in a synagogue?
A
In Orthodox synagogues the seating area upstairs is just for women.
10
Q
What does Worship in synagogues look like in Orthodox Synagogues?
A
- Daily service in HEBREW
- Rabbi has his back to the congregation
- men and women sit separately
- Congregation may arrive late
- Men ALWAYS cover their heads
- Singing is unaccompanied
11
Q
What does Worship look like in Reform Synagogues?
A
- Services only on Shabbat & Festivals (not daily)
- Services in HEBREW and ENGLISH
- Rabbi faces the congregation
- men and women sit together
- Shorter, structured services (no late services)
- MOST MEN wear a Kippah (and some women too)
- Singing is accompanied by music
- Women perform all rituals… can be a Rabbi, publicly read the Torah etc.
12
Q
What are forms of Prayer in the synagogue?
A
- Daily services
- Bar/ Bat Mitzvahs, Marriages etc.
- Celebration of festivals
13
Q
What are forms of Study in the synagogue?
A
- Learn Hebrew (used in prayer)
- Prepare for Bar/Bat Mitzvahs
- Library to improve knowledge of Jewish faith
14
Q
What are forms of Charity in the synagogue?
A
- Place to collect money/ items for the poor
- Hold fundraising events e.g for World Jewish Relief (WJR) / Natural disasters
15
Q
What are forms of Socialising in the synagogue?
A
- Youth clubs
- Senior citizen clubs
- Music and Drama groups
- Sports groups
16
Q
What book is the Sheema found in?
A
Deuteronomy
17
Q
What is the Kippah?
A
All Jewish men cover their heads when they prayer as a sign of respect for God.
18
Q
What is a Tallit?
A
Woollen shawl. Shows the man is obeying God’s laws because each fringe (tzitzit) symbolises one of the 618 Mitzvot given by God.
19
Q
What is a tefillin?
A
These are two leather boxes containing the Shema worn on the upper left arm and forehead.
20
Q
What does wearing the tefillin symbolise?
A
Shows that the person loves God with their heart and mind
21
Q
What do Orthodox Jewish men wear during daily prayers?
A
Kippah, tallit, tefillin
22
Q
When is the daily prayer?
A
Orthodox Jews pray 3 times a day - morning, afternoon and evening
23
Q
What is required in an Orthodox minyan?
A
Minimum of 10 adult males are required
24
Q
What is required in an Reform minyan?
A
A minimum of 10 men or women are required
25
What is the quote from The Talmud referring to the presence of God and the minyan?
"Whenever ten are gathered for prayer the Shekinah is there"
26
What does Shekinah mean?
Presence of God
27
What are the 4 different prayer services held in an Orthodox Synagogue?
1) Opening Prayer
2) Shema
3) Amidah
4) Final Prayers
28
What is the Amidah?
Central prayer of Jewish worship, this is prayed in silence while standing and facing Jerusalem - includes a series of blessings and thanksgiving.
29
What are 4 of the aims and importances of prayer for Jewish people?
- Communicate with God
- Become closer to God
- Focus you heart mind soul on God
- Strengthen the sense of Jewish community
30
When is Shabbat for Jewish people?
From sunset on Friday until sunset on Saturday every week.
31
What is Shabbat for Jewish people?
Jewish Holy day - day to rest and enjoy Family Life and to worship God.
32
What is the quote reffering to the Sabbath day?
'Keep the Sabbath day Holy'
33
What is the Sabbath day a celebration of?
Celebration of creation - God rested on the 7th day
34
What is the quote that is referring to electricity usage on the Sabbath day in Exodus?
'You shall not burn a fire in your dwelling (home) on the day of Shabbat' - Exodus 35:3
35
What is Shabbat in the synagogue like?
Every Friday evening, there is a prayer service, on Saturday there is another service including a reading from The Torah, while this is being said the congregation stand. Then the Torah scrolls are paraded to give people the chance to be closer to God, many touch the Torah with their tzitzit (tassels on their tallit) and touch their lips.
36
Why does the congregation stand on Saturday during Sabbath day service?
To remind them of when the Israelites stood at the bottom of Mount Sinai when Moses returned with The Ten Commandments.
37
What does touching The Torah with their tzitzit and then touching their lip symbolise?
Symbolises Gods words should be on their lips
38
What food/drink is placed on the table at home during Shabbat?
Wine and Two loves of Challah bread
39
Who lights to candles before sunset?
A female member of the family
40
What does the female family member do after lighting the two candles?
Welcomes Shabbat by waving her arms around the candles and covers her eyes to say a blessing and prayer.
41
What happens after the welcoming of the Shabbat into the home?
Many go to the evening service in the synagogue, and then once home there is a family meal with the Kiddush blessings are said.
42
What happens after the family meal?
On Saturday morning the family attend the morning service in the synagogue, afterwards time is spent as a family - The Torah may be studied.
43
When is Shabbat ended?
When 3 stars are seen in the sky
44
What is Jewish worship in the home like?
1) Worship God whenever they can
2) House reminds them to obey God's commandment
45
What is the mezuzah?
A small box containing the verses from the Torah fixed to a doorpost.
46
What are the 4 stages of Life celebrated by Jews?
1) Birth
2) Coming of age
3) Marriage
4) Death
47
What are the 3 ceremonies associated with birth?
- Naming ceremony
- Redemption of the firstborn son
- Circumcision - sealing the covenant
48
What is the Brit Milah?
This is the circumcision ceremony when a boy is eight days old.
49
What is a quote from Genesis refering to the Brit Milah?
"From now on you must circumcise every baby boy when he is eight days old... this will show there is a covenant between you and me"
50
What is the Bar and Bat mitzvah seen to be as?
Jewish person is seen to become an adult, become closer to God, take full responsibility of following the Law, Jewish boy can be part of a minyan in an Orthodox synagogue and also boys and girls in a reform synagogue.
51
What does Bar Mitzvah mean?
Son of the commandment
52
When and what happens in the Bar Mitzvah?
- Boy is aged 13
- Reads from the Torah during a service
- Wear a tallit for the first time
- Short speech
- Father declares the boy is now respnsible for his own actions
- Often a party
53
When and what happens in the Bat Mitzvah.?
- Girl is aged 12
- Reform girls have Bat mitzvah
- Reads from the Torah
- Speech
- Often a party
54
How long the a Jewish engagement usually last?
Usually lasts a year
55
Where can the wedding be held?
In a synagogue or hotel
56
Where does the betrothal ceremony take place?
Under a Chuppah (canopy) - symbolising their home
57
What is one significant thing that happens in the marriage ceremony and what does it symbolise?
Groom breaks the glass - symbolises the destruction of Jerusalem
58
What is a quote referring to death in Genesis?
"When hear about the death Jews make a small tear in their clothes and say they accept God's decision"
59
What is the first period of mourning?
1) The family do not have to follow certain Jewish laws for 24 hours
60
What is the second period of mourning?
2) Shiva - intense 7 day mourning, from burial
No nice things, as e.g. mirrors are covered to not focus on appearance and they sit on the floor
61
What is the third period of mourning?
30 days after death - life resumes - but no music, parties, cutting hair and shaving hair.
62
What is the fourth period of mourning?
11 months - no parties, children say blessings for a parent
63
Within how long are Jewish people buried in?
24 hours
64
In the Jewish funeral what does the simple coffin show?
The person is placed in a simple coffin to show everyone is equal in death
65
What happens after the Jewish funeral service?
After the service, everyone washes their hands to show they are leaving behind death.
66
What does kosher mean?
Food that Jewish people are allowed to eat
67
What does Trefah mean?
Food that Jewish people are not allowed to eat
68
What is the first rule in Jewish Dietary Laws?
Certain types of food cannot be eaten, only eat animals with a complete split hoof and that chews the cud
69
What is the quote referring to the certain types of food Jews cannot eat in Leviticus?
"You are allowed to eat... anything which has a completely split hoof snd chews the cud..."
70
What is the second rule in Jewish Dietary Laws?
Do not mix meat with dairy
71
What is the quote referring to not mixing meat with dairy in Exodus?
"You shall not boil a kid in its mother's milk"
72
What is the third rule in Jewish Dietary Laws?
A fully kosher household may have 2 sets of pots, pans and dishes to keep the meat snd dairy seperate
73
What is the fourth rule in Jewish Dietary Laws?
Animals must be killed according to Jewish law:
- Must be healthy
- Have its throat slit by a trained Jew (to it does not suffer)
- Have the blood drained from the animal before it is eaten
74
What is the quote referring to draining the blood from the animal before it is eaten in Deuteronomy?
"Do not partake of the blood"
75
What is Rosh Hashanah?
Jewish New Year, where the remember God's creation and are judged for the actions over the past year and God decides the fortune for the year to come, they have a meal similar to Shabbat - dipping apples in honey to symbolise a hope for a sweet new year. In the synagogue the ram's horn is blown 100 times.
76
How times is the ram's horn blown on Rosh Hashanah in the synagogue?
100 times
77
What is Yom Kippur?
This is the most holiest and important day, this happens 10 days after Rosh Hashanah - the Day of atonement - when God's judgement is finalised, this is mostly spent in the synagogue, and Jewish people fast for 25 hours and they don't work.
78
What are They Days of Awe?
10 days between Rosh Hashanah and YomKippur to say sorry - by doing acts of charity and prayer as God's judgement can be influenced by good deeds.
79
What is Pesach (passover)?
This is 8 days where Jewish people celebrate Jews' escaping from slavery in Egypt, they remember the final plague that killed the firstborn of Egyptians but 'passed over' the houses of the Jewish slaves. Most important preparation is to remove leaven (yeast) from the home.
80
What is The Sedar meal (passover meal)?
This reminds Jews that they are the chosen people of God.
81
What is the first part of The Sedar meal?
1) Four cups of wine drank to remind Jewish people of the 4 times God promise of freedom to the Israelites
82
What does wine symbolise in The Sedar meal?
Wine symbolises the joy of freedom
83
What is the second part of The Sedar meal?
Green vegetables often parsley is dipped into salt water, to remind Jewish people of the sweat and tears of the slaves in Egypt.
84
What is parsley a symbol of in The Sedar meal?
Parsley is a symbol of the fresh start God gave to the Israelites
85
What is The Matzah (unleavened bread) in The Sedar meal?
Matzvah reminds Jewish people of the speed with which they left Egypt.
86
What is the Bitter herbs in The Sedar meal and what does this represent?
Herbs like horseradish are eaten with matzah. Symbolises the butter suffering of the slaves of Egypt.
87
What is the Charoset in The Sedar meal?
Mixture of apples, walnuts and spices represents the mortar used to make the bricks to build the Pharaoh's buildings, the sweet taste symbolises freedom.
88
What is the roasted egg in The Sedar meal
Symbole of the harshness of the Egyptians. The new life offered to Jews by God. The egg is not eaten.
89
What is the lamb bone in The Sedar meal?
Symbol of sacrifice of the lamb, shown with blood on the door post of each Jewish home on the night of passover (later sacrificed at the temple). The bone is not eaten.
90
What did the blood of the lamb do on passover?
The blood of the lamb marked the Israelites out as the people of God.
91
What is the importance of Pesach?
Celebrates Jewish people are God's chosen people - thank God for saving them - empathise those who still live under oppression - experience freedom the ancestors gainsed - ensure Jewish faith and traditions are not forgotten, and are passed over to future generations.
92
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93
How long is pesach?
8 days
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