what can be mistaken for caries?
- Cervical burnout/ translucency
- Visual perception (problem of contrast below dense metallic restoration).
- Air/ lip shadow in premolar region
- Dentine surrounding radio-opaque zone under amalgam.
- Radiolucent restorations
what guidelines must be followed for caries diagnosis?
SIGN guidelines
what do SIGN guidelines include?
- Which view should be used with poor cooperation.
- How often should they be taken.
- From what age is it appropriate to start taking radiographs
what are the SIGN guidelines for taking radiographs on children?
High risk child – 6 monthly
Moderate risk child – annually
Low risk child – 12-18 months deciduous, 24 months/ more permanent.
what trabecula patterns should be seen in the mandible?
thick, close together, horizontal
what trabecula patterns should be seen in the maxilla?
finer, more widely spaced, no obvious alignment patterns
what are the features when assessing peri radicular disease?
- Radiolucent line representing PDL.
- Radioopaque line representing lamina dura.
- Trabecula pattern and dentistry of surrounding bone
what is seen with initial acute periapical inflammation?
no apparent changes to PDL
what is seen with initial spread of periapical inflammation?
loss of lamina dura at apex
what is seen with further periapical inflammatory spread?
periapical bone loss
what can be seen with initial chronic periapical inflammation?
no bone destruction OR dense sclerotic bone peri apically
what can be seen with standing chronic periapical inflammation?
well defined radiolucent area peri apically with sclerotic bone surrounding
what type of osteitis is seen in initial chronic periapical inflammation?
sclerosing osteitis
what type of osteitis is seen in long standing chronic periapical inflammation?
rarefying osteitis
