JWST

Question 1

Stealing someone’s mind/knowledge

Answer 1

In Judaism, you’re not allowed to browse making it seem like you’ll buy something when you’re actually not.

Question 2

What is Jewish law called?

Answer 2

Halacha - refers to all jewish law

Question 3

Divine Command Theory

Answer 3

right or wrong is what god says is

Question 4

Euthyphro’s Dillema

Answer 4

contradicts the divine command theory; is something good because god says it’s good or because it’s good because it’s good.

Question 5

Talmud

Answer 5

• Oral Torah **
• All arguments, commentary of the Mishnah
• Written in Mesopotamia (modern day Iraq) in the language Aramaic.

Jerusalem Talmud and * Babylonian Talmud (used more) *

Question 6

Mishnah

Answer 6

• Is apart of the Talmud because it’s apart of the Oral Torah section **
• Compiles and organizes the Jewish legal traditions
• Pirkei Akot (Ethics of the father) –> books about ethics

Question 7

BCE

CE

Answer 7

BCE - Before common era

CE - After common era

Question 8

Is Jewish Law the oldest legal system?

Answer 8

Yes, it’s almost 3,000 years

Question 9

2 categories of the Torah

Answer 9

Written Law and Oral Law

Question 10

History of the Torah

Answer 10

• God gave Jewish people the Torah in Mount Sinai
• No one knows where Mount Sinai is and where Moses is buried
• God tells Moses what to tell Jewish people (by giving him the Torah)

Question 11

“Eye for an eye” means

Answer 11

Means money not actually giving an eye for an eye

Question 12

Torah

Answer 12

Written Torah **
- Provides the foundational laws
- Five books of the Hebrew bible or Moses (Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy)

Question 13

Themes of ethics:

Answer 13

consequentialism, deontology, and virtue ethics

Question 14

Consequentialism

Answer 14

Nothing’s right or wrong, it’s the outcome/consequences that matter

Subsect is Utilitarianism -> consequences that matter is whichever produces the most happiness.

Question 15

Deontology

Answer 15

There are things that are wrong and right (absolute)
- This mainly pops up in Jewish law

Question 16

Virtue ethics

Answer 16

Morality is not about actions and bringing more happiness, it’s about your character

• Aristotle is big on this, he believes that you shouldnt lie because it’s not wrong or right but rather it’s about character (choosing character over behavior)
• Maimonedes believes in the golden mean. He is a doctor and he applied it to the body and the soul.

Question 17

Golden Mean

Answer 17

the desirable middle ground between two extremes of excess and deficiency

Question 18

Sin

Answer 18

In Judaism, you can change on your own.

Question 19

Jewish prayer

Answer 19

It’s about the community (in the plural)
responsible about the community

Question 20

Is the body/flesh a sin?

Answer 20

Not true in Judaism, believes that God gave you your body so you should enjoy it.
If you’re allowed to do it, do it

Question 21

What do Jewish people believe in original sin?

Answer 21

There’s no concept of original sin; you’re not born evil and good. Adamant about free will.

Question 22

Is Judaism based on duties or rights?

Answer 22

DUTIES
“You don’t have the right to an education, instead there’s an obligation to teach” ~ the father/mother has the obligation to teach their child

Question 23

Shulchan Aruch

Answer 23

Code of Jewish law (important books)

ex:
- Forgiveness: Are you required to forgive? Times you should, don’t have to, and times when it’s forbidden.
- The wrongdoer is given 3 chances to apologize on separate occasions and if you don’t forgive on the last one, there’s a problem with yourself.

Question 24

Charity

Answer 24

A law ~ you have to give 10% of your money
- Comes from the word Tzedek
- Not about feeling, it’s more about justice, requiring to give Judaism

Question 25

Charity Hierarchy

Answer 25

Rules (hierarchy) 1) Home (charity starts at home - community) before you can give to anyone else 2) Anonymous (to preserve their dignity)

Question 26

Maimonides on Hierarchy

Answer 26

The best way to give charity is by giving a loan, teaching them how to get a job and make money. This was better because you preserve their dignity

Question 27

Lashon Hara

Answer 27

Bad language like gossip

Question 28

Gossip

Answer 28

It's bad - Against embarrassing people - Browsing ~ negative review, slander (illegal in Judaism) - Telling the truth about somebody is deemed gossip

Question 29

Why give charity?

Answer 29

communal and religious obligation

Question 30

Do Jewish people want everyone to be Jewish?

Answer 30

No, they have no interest in converting others. Jewish law applies to jewish people only - Special relationship with god

Question 31

Universal law

Answer 31

no murder, no blasphemy

Question 32

Is Judaism about belief or practice?

Answer 32

**practice**

Question 33

Rationalist

Answer 33

someone whose beliefs and conduct are based on reason and logic rather than emotion

Question 34

Maimonides and rationalism

Answer 34

Maimonides follows Aristotle, rationalism. What makes human, human is their rationality. Your rationality dies with you when you die.

Question 35

Maimonides

Answer 35

- codified the laws (the Mishneh Torah) - Jewish philosopher and Doctor

Question 36

In the torah, Jewish tradition how many misvats are there and how many times a year did Jewish people go to temple?

Answer 36

There are 613 misvat Also in Jewish tradition back then when the temple was there in Jerusalem, must go 3 times a year. Romans kick Jewish people out of Temple --> Written law

Question 37

Mesopotamia Talmud

Answer 37

Shabat

Question 38

Tzedakah

Answer 38

Justice/righteousness

Question 39

Pirkei Akot

Answer 39

book of Jewish ethics (ethics of the fathers)