Define State
An internationally recognised territory with an independent government that has communication and diplomatic relations with other government and a monopoly on the use of force in its country and a permanent population
Define Nation
A large group of people with strong bonds, shared culture, language, history, traditions, they may be spread over multiple states
eg. Kurds
Define Nation State
A nation which has a state of its own
Define Sovereignty
The internationally recognised principle that each state/government has ultimate authority within its borders, and this is equally applied to all states (regardless of size of economy, military, ect.)
Define Territorial Integrity
Borders cannot be changed with force (military) and are inviolable
Define State Apparatus
The equipment that the state has control of in order to spread, maintain, enforce and replicate its ideas and values
eg. education, (state) media
Define Fragile State
Non-resilient states, where the ability of the state to recover from political, social or environmental upheaval is low
Define Sovereign Equality
All states are equal under international law, no matter the size of their territory, population, economy or military
Define Secession / autonomy / self determination
Movements that demand merging with another country, or independence, or greater autonomy (self government) within an existing country
Define Norms
The moral beliefs that have developed over time and are universally accepted as standard behaviour
Define Global Governance
The framework of rules and players that try to mange global problems that no one country could solve alone
Define Intervention
Action taken by a states, group of states, or international organisations to resolve conflicts or violations of human rights arising from challenges to sovereignty or territorial integrity
Define Sanctions
Form of intervention, including economic, which is intended to dissuade a state, officials or citizens from targeted policies or actions
Define R2P
Responsibility to protect - countries have a ‘sovereign responsibility to protect their citizens’ esle the UN will assume responsibility / intervene
Define Geopolitics
The global balance of political power and international relations
Define Superpower / great power politics
States with great political power, economy, military and development that have the ability to project their dominance globally
Define Hegemony
Leadership or dominance by one state or a group of states over others
