Kin Module 6

Question 1

Macronutrient

Answer 1

compounds consume in the largest quantities and that provide the majority of the energy we require

(fats, carbs, proteins)

Question 2

Micronutrient

Answer 2

Vitamins and minerals that are essential for growth, development, health that are required in smaller amounts

Question 3

Functions of carbohydrates

Answer 3

• Primary role is to provide energy to cells
• Can store glucose in the form of glycogen
• build macromolecules
• ensure proper function of nervous system, heart, kidneys
• can spare protein and fat for other uses
• certain types are dietary fibres

Question 4

Functions of Lipids / adipose tissue in the body

Answer 4

• a primary role to store energy
• serve as cell membranes
• surround/insulate organs
• temperature regulation
• regulate functions of the body

Question 5

Two types of lipids

Answer 5

1. Essential fatty acids: needed for normal health
2. Essential fatty acids: our bodies cannot produce it , must be consumed

Question 6

Functions of proteins

Answer 6

• provide structural building blocks (amino acids) for many tissues/organs
• role in conducting most of the chemical reactions
• can provide energy when not consuming enough carbs/fats
• includes essential amino acids (9) that needs to be consumed

Question 7

Functions of vitamins and how many of them are there

Answer 7

• essential organic nutrients for normal development and functioning
• must be obtained for diet

13 vitamins

Question 8

Functions of minerals

Answer 8

• essential inorganic elements needed for devel and function
• originate in the earth and cannot be synthesized
• must be obtained in diet
• cofactors that work with proteins for function

Question 9

Nutrient density and what do nutrient-dense foods contain

Answer 9

ratio of nutrient content to k-cals (the total energy)

• contain vitamins, minerals, complex carbs, lean protein, healthy fats
• high nutrients relative calorie content

Question 10

Empty calorie food and beverages

Answer 10

• small nutrient density
• composed primarily or solely of sugar, fats, oil, alcohol-containing beverages

Question 11

How to calculate Energy Storage

Answer 11

Es = Energy intake - Energy expenditure

+Es = weight gain
-Es = weight loss

Question 12

Ascorbic acid

Answer 12

vitamin c

Question 13

folic acid

Answer 13

vitamin b

Question 14

retinol

Answer 14

vitamin a alpha

Question 15

alpha tocopherol

Answer 15

vitamin e

Question 16

Energy intake

Answer 16

the total chemical energy contained in the foods we eat, primarily from carbs/fats/proteins

Question 17

what macronutrients is the most energy dense

Answer 17

lipids

Question 18

what is the major way we store energy

Answer 18

60-80% excess energy stored as adipose tissue

Question 19

What is the two compartment model that makes up body composition

Answer 19

1. Fat free (lean) mass (%)
   Muscle, bone, connective tissue,
2. Body fat mass (%)
   - Essential fat (fat body needs for normal function)
   - Non-essential fat (adipose tissue) (tends to be surrounding visceral internal organs and subcutaneous (under skin)

Question 20

Methods to measure body composition

Answer 20

• bathroom scale
• Body mass index (biased predictions)
• waist circumference
• skin fold calipers (to measure body fat)
• bio-electric impedance analysis (BIA)
• Dual energy x- ray absorptionetry (DEXA) (gold standard)
• densitometry (gold standard)

Question 21

bio-electric impedance analysis (BIA()

Answer 21

method to measure body composition, uses an electric current to determine body fat/percentage

Question 22

Dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA)

Answer 22

Gold standard of measuring body composition

Question 23

Densitometry

Answer 23

Gold standard to measure body composition by measuring the mass of components of the body

Question 24

What’s the Canada’s food guide

Answer 24

• provides simple dietary analysis, with nutritional goals, from food consumption surveys
• converts nutrition requirements into practical pattern of food choices

Question 25

What does the Canada food guide recommend

Answer 25

- make half your plate fruits/veg - whole grains - plant based foods (more fibre/less saturated fats)

Question 26

What does the Canada food guide not recommend

Answer 26

- eat high processed foods - eat frozen food/store bought baked goods

Question 27

What information is provided in a food label

Answer 27

- serving size - % daily values - amount of macro/micronutrients - ingredients to determine nutritional value

Question 28

What is daily values (%DV)

Answer 28

provides an indication of the amount of macro- and micronutrients contained int the product relative to what an individual requires in a day

Question 29

waist circumference of females with increased risk and substantially increased risk

Answer 29

- more than 80 cm is increased risk - more 88 cm is substantially increased risk

Question 30

waist circumference of males with increased risk and substantially increased risk

Answer 30

- more than 94 is increased risk - more than 102 is substantially increased risk