kinesitherapy

Question 1

define kinesitherapy

Answer 1

therapy with movement

Question 2

list the two types of kinesitherapy

Answer 2

active and passive

Question 3

what does a goniometer test for

Answer 3

flexibility of a joint in sagittal, frontal planes aswel as rotation

Question 4

movements in sagittal plane

Answer 4

extension and flexion

Question 5

movements in the frontal plane

Answer 5

abduction and adduction

Question 6

types of rotation

Answer 6

internal and external

Question 7

gonometery score of 0 means?

Answer 7

no contractors? contractions?

Question 8

what is manual muscle testing

Answer 8

a test done to examine muscle weakness.Test is done to know how to train this muscle in gravity or its’ elimination

Question 9

6 stages of MMT

Answer 9

0 = no ROM – cannot observe any muscle contracting 
1 = No ROM – see/ hear muscle fibers contracting 
2 = eliminate gravity – full ROM – ask patient to lie on side for eg 
3 = movement against no resistance 
4 = against moderate resistance – movement performed 
5 = against maximal resistance – movement performed

Question 10

stage 0 MMT

Answer 10

0 = no ROM – cannot observe any muscle contracting

Question 11

stage 1 MMT

Answer 11

1 = No ROM – see/ hear muscle fibers contracting

Question 12

stage 2 MMT

Answer 12

2 = eliminate gravity – full ROM – ask patient to lie on side for

Question 13

stage 3 MMT

Answer 13

3 = movement against no resistance

Question 14

stage 4 MMT

Answer 14

4 = against moderate resistance – movement performed

Question 15

stage 5 MMT

Answer 15

5 = against maximal resistance – movement performed

Question 16

elimination of gravity w/ belts does what

Answer 16

facilitates a larger ROM not muscle strengthening

Question 17

types of active kinesitherapy

Answer 17

1. medical excercises
2. occupational therapy
3. terrain treatment
4. suspensional and pulley therapy
5. specialized neuroreducational systems
6. post isometric relaxation

Question 18

types of medical excercises

Answer 18

1. medical gymnastics
2. games and dancing
3. sport elements

Question 19

medical gymnastics excercises (7)

Answer 19

1. General strengthening – used also for healthy people to improve the muscle tone; to stimulate the activity of the different systems.
2. Analytical exercises – to strengthen certain muscle or muscle group. E.g hamstrings usually shorten and quadricep weakens usually. Analytically work the quadricep – usually the medial part weakens first as it’s the newest part .
3. Breathing exercises – for patients with respiratory problems – asthma, pneumonia; to facilitate expectoration, exhaling. Also a draining position.
4. Corrective exercises – for patients with different deviations of the spine – scoliosis, lordosis, kyphosis.
5. Exercises for balance and coordination
6. Exercises under water – myorelaxing effect of water; similar to exercises in eliminated gravity. Easier in a slow pace; harder in a fast pace. Movements are in ^ ROM
7. Training in walking and using walking aids – walkers; cane; crutches. Canes are held in the opposite of the affected side.

Question 20

1. General strengthening

Answer 20

– used also for healthy people to improve the muscle tone; to stimulate the activity of the different systems.

Question 21

2. Analytical exercises –

Answer 21

to strengthen certain muscle or muscle group. E.g hamstrings usually shorten and quadricep weakens usually. Analytically work the quadricep – usually the medial part weakens first as it’s the newest part .

Question 22

3. Breathing exercises –

Answer 22

for patients with respiratory problems – asthma, pneumonia; to facilitate expectoration, exhaling. Also a draining position.

Question 23

4. Corrective exercises –

Answer 23

for patients with different deviations of the spine – scoliosis, lordosis, kyphosis.

Question 24

6.Exercises under water

Answer 24

– myorelaxing effect of water; similar to exercises in eliminated gravity. Easier in a slow pace; harder in a fast pace. Movements are in ^ ROM

Question 25

7.Training in walking and using walking aids –

Answer 25

walkers; cane; crutches. Canes are held in the opposite of the affected side.

Question 26

occupational therapy

Answer 26

1. Functional – aiming to restore specific function which have been lost in the accident, so the patient can go back to his previous working place 2. Professional – the disorder is more severe and the patient cannot go back to his previous working place, so we have to reeducate him for another working place at the same company if it's possible. 3. Entertaining – the disorder is more severe than the previous two groups. We are lookin for something entertaining that the patient could do – painting, knitting. 4. Training in activities of daily living – educating severely disabled patients to do their daily living activities like eating, putting their clothes on, taking shower.

Question 27

terrain treatment

Answer 27

Used mostly in seaside and mountain resorts for patients with cardiovascular and respiratory disorders. It is important to check the pulse frequency blood pressure. If they increase with more than 20 bpm/mmHg we have to advice the patient to take a break

Question 28

terrain treatment parameters

Answer 28

1) incline of the terrain (is it upward/ downward/ flat ground) 2) length of terrain 3) number of steps per minute 4) number of breaks 5) duration of breaks

Question 29

Suspentional & Pulley therapy

Answer 29

Both are done in eliminated gravity, | patient doesn't feel the weight of the whole distal part of the limb.

Question 30

what is pulley therapy used for

Answer 30

to increase the muscle strength | evaluated by the Manual Muscle Testing for testing muscle weakness

Question 31

what is the suspensional therapy used for

Answer 31

to increase the ranges of motion | tested by using gonometry of the joints

Question 32

V. Specialized neuroreeducational methods/systems for CNS

Answer 32

``` VOJTA= babies w/ cerebral palsy BOBAT= adults w/ cerebral palsy due to stroke or TBI ```

Question 33

V. Specialized neuroreeducational methods/systems for PNS

Answer 33

1. Prof Gencheva | 2. Kabat

Question 34

vojta

Answer 34

control of the head, turning from side to back, from back to side, crawling, pressing specific areas around the joints Pressing certain points which stimulate – semi like acupuncture points Stimulate normal development of NB

Question 35

three main principles of the Bobath system are

Answer 35

reducing spasticity (by heath tharapy – paraffin; kryotherapy; massage; el. stimulations of the antagonistic of the spastic muscles); supressing the pathological movements; educating the patient in physiological movements

Question 36

System of prof. Gacheva: for birth trauma of brachial plexus

Answer 36

system uses the physiological reflexes (ex. Moro reflex) of the baby to stimulate active movements in the affected upper limb.

Question 37

types of brachial plexus trauma treated by gacheva system

Answer 37

proximal – no ROM in proximal part distal – no ROM in distal part total – no ROM of limb

Question 38

kabat

Answer 38

Using different stimulus (stretching, scratching) to irritate the proprioreceptors of muscles to provoke stronger muscle contraction diagonals are a part of the Kabat system but they are used for patients with CNS disorders like stroke

Question 39

what is Post-isometric relaxation

Answer 39

combination between active and passive kinesitherapy. Stretch and contract

Question 40

active kinesitherapy contraindication

Answer 40

fever high blood pressure acute inflammatory disorders

Question 41

types of passive kinesitherapy

Answer 41

massage traction therapy manual therapy mechanotherapy

Question 42

types of Massage therapy

Answer 42

classical reflective ancient eatern

Question 43

effects of classical massage

Answer 43

⦁ reflective – improving the blood circulation and tropic, analgesia; ⦁ humural – stimulation of forming active substances histanin, vitamin D; ⦁ mechanical – stretching, drainage of liquids.

Question 44

Traction therapy

Answer 44

mechanical spine stretching along the longitudinal axis | streteching paravertebral lig increases vertebral distance and reduce compression

Question 45

when is traction therapy indicated

Answer 45

disc protusion and initial stage of disc herniation

Question 46

what is the GLISSON'S LOOP

Answer 46

mechanis used in Traction therapy for the cervical spine

Question 47

PERL

Answer 47

Traction therapy for the lumbar part of the spine patient Is lies on his back with knees and hips flexed at 90 degrees

Question 48

manual therapy

Answer 48

detects and removes FUNCTIONAL BLOCKS betw/ SACROILIAC and INTERVERTEBRAL joints and joint play restoration

Question 49

what is joint play

Answer 49

non-voluntarily movement of joints needed for the proper function of joints

Question 50

what sound is heard in manual therapy

Answer 50

cracking” sound when the blockage is removed.

Question 51

manual therapy contraindications

Answer 51

osteoporosis/ osteoarthritis | disc herniation

Question 52

what is Mechanotherapy

Answer 52

use of devices, which produce repetitive movements at a known many number of times

Question 53

indication for terrain therapy

Answer 53

cardiovascular and respiratory disorders.

Question 54

when must pt take a break in terrain therapy

Answer 54

when bp is over 20mmhg of starting bp

Question 55

what therapeutic methods are used to reduce spacticity in bobat

Answer 55

paraffin; kryotherapy; massage; causing stimulations of the antagonistic of the spastic muscles);