Primary indication for antidepressants?
Major depressive disorder
Neurotransmitters affected?
Serotonin and norepinephrine
Onset of action of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors?
Two to three weeks
Most common side effect of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors?
Sexual dysfunction
Best time of administration of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors?
Morning
Onset of action of Tricyclic Antidepressants?
Four to six weeks
Major side effects of Tricyclic Antidepressants
Anticholinergic effects and sedation
Best dosing time of Tricyclic Antidepressants?
Bedtime
Most Dangerous complication of monoamine oxidase inhibitors?
Hypertensive crisis
Cause of hypertensive crisis?
Ingestion of tyramine-containing foods
Example of tyramine-rich food?
Aged cheese
Dangerous drug interaction?
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Gold standard treatment for bipolar disorder?
Lithium
Therapeutic serum level?
Zero point six to one point two milliequivalents per liter
Early sign of lithium toxicity?
Diarrhea
Severe toxicity outcome?
Coma or death
Drug that increases gamma-aminobutyric acid?
Valproic acid
Serious effect of carbamazepine?
Agranulocytosis
Life-threatening reaction of lamotrigine?
Stevens–Johnson syndrome
Neurotransmitter enhanced by benzodiazepines?
Gamma-aminobutyric acid
Major risk of benzodiazepines?
Physical dependence
Alcohol use with benzodiazepines causes what?
Severe central nervous system depression
How should benzodiazepines be discontinued?
Gradual tapering
Risk of dependence?
None