Covalent bonds
Sharing of electrons pairs between atoms
C6H12O6
Glucose
Dehydration synthesis
When water is the product of 2 monomers coming together
Hydrolysis
When a compound breaks down due to a reaction with water
Scientific method
- a system of advancing knowledge
- uses a hypothesis to answer a question
- then tests that hypothesis with data collected through observation and experimentation.
5 steps to scientific method
- observation
- generation of hypothesis
- testing the hypothesis
- presentation of analysis
- conclusions
Testing the hypothesis
- experimental results must be replicable
- numerous repetitions are necessary for statistical analysis
Experimental design
- independent variable(what you wish to test the effect of , X AXIS)
- dependent variable (what you measure Y AXIS)
- controlled variables (variables that may affect the dependent variable therefore must be kept constant)
- levels of treatment (range of independent variables you wish to test the effect of)
- control(basis for comparison;group in which independent variable is not manipulated)
Line graph
Presents continuous data as line or lines
E.g : increase in growth over time
Bar graph
Presents categorical data as discrete bars
E.g:number of nests in diff study areas
Histogram
Presents continuous data as a series of grouped bars
E.g : frequencies at which diff body heights occur among adult females
Pie graph
Presents relative proportions of a whole
E.g: Percentage of caloric intake from proteins/carbohydrates/lipids
Table
Presents large amounts of data and specific values
E.g: heights of newborns at 1 week intervals over a 6 month period
How many cm in a m
100 cm in a 1 m
How many mL in 1 L
1000 mL in 1L
How many micro meters in 1 m
1,000,000 micro metres in 1 m
How many grams in a kilogram
1000 grams in a kilogram
What is the total viewing magnification
Power of objective lens X power of ocular lens
What’s the coats focus adjustment knob used for
To bring your image into focus
Name 2 adjustments to the microscope that you made to make it more comfortable for you to use
1: adjusting the light intensity by using the dial on the base of the microscope
2: adjusting the ocular lens so that you can comfortably see the image
What was the viewing magnification used to observe a RBC
40 x 10 = 400
Continuous data vs categorical data
Continuous data is quantitative data that can be measured (ex:numeric or date/time)
Categorical data involve non numeric groups or categories
