Lab 2 cell

Question 1

function of Nucleus

Answer 1

-control center

Question 2

nuclear envelope

nucleus

Answer 2

two parallel membranes separated by fluid filled space

- protection of nucleus

Question 3

nucleolus

Answer 3

“little nucleus”

• in the center of nucleus
• contains parts of several chromosomes
• site of ribosome subunit manufacture

Question 4

chromatin

Answer 4

• nucleus contains chromatin

- contains DNA and histone proteins

Question 5

cytoplasm

Answer 5

parts of the cell between plasma membrane and nucleus

- contains many organelles

Question 6

cytosol

Answer 6

jelly-like, fluid containing substance within the cell

• consists of water, ions, and enzymes
• makes up half of the volume of the cytoplasm
• fluid in which other cytoplasmic elements are suspended

Question 7

Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 7

• helps ribosomes with protein synthesis
  synthesis of membrane proteins, secretory proteins and hydrolytic enzymes
• formation of transport vesicles

Question 8

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer 8

• lipid metabolism

Question 9

ribosomes

Answer 9

polypeptide (protein) synthesis

Question 10

golgi apparatus

Answer 10

• process, packages, and ships proteins
  processing (modification and temp storage) and transport of macromolecules (produced by ribosomes)
• formation of lysosomes and transport vesicles

Question 11

mitochondria

Answer 11

• “power plant of cells”

- Generates ATP

Question 12

Lysosomes

Answer 12

• digestion of nutrients, bacteria, and damaged organelles

- destruction of certain cells during embryonic developments

Question 13

vesicles

Answer 13

small liquid filled sac

- transport vehicle and storage

Question 14

vacuoles (big)

Answer 14

• digestion (like lysosome)
• storage of chemicals
• cell enlargement
• water balance

Question 15

peroxisome

Answer 15

diverse metabolic process, with breakdown of H2O2 by-products
- detoxification of free radicals

Question 16

centrioles

Answer 16

act in forming cilia and flagella

- organize mitotic spindle during mitosis

Question 17

centrosome

Answer 17

microtubule organizing center

Question 18

Function of cell membranes (plasma membrane)

Answer 18

boundary fence

• selectively allow materials to pass into and out of cell
• protection of cell