Orders of amphibia (3)
Gymnophiona
Caudata
Anura
4 orders reptilia
Testudines
Crocodyla
Sphenodontida
Squamata
Gymnophiona
Caecilians
Caudata
Salamanders and newts
Anura
Frogs
Testudines
Turtles
Crocodyla
Crocodiles, alligators, Caïmans and gavials
Sphenodontida
Tuataras
Squamata
Snakes and lizards
Diapsid skulls
2 fenestrae (openings)
Bimodal breathing
Pulmonary breathing and cutaneous respiration
Buccal pump
Generates positive pressure to ventilate lungs
Double circulation
Pulmonary system and systemic system
Aquatic larvae/amphibians excrete
Ammonia
Land amphibians
Urea
Reptiles excrete
Uric acid
Amnion
Holds fluid where embryo is
Chorion
Has exchange
Allantois
Stores embryo waste products