Lab Final 1191

Question 1

What does the male genital system consist of?

Answer 1

• testes
• the ducts (epididymus, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct and urethra)
• acessory sex glands (seminal, prostate and bulbourethral glands)
• supporting structures such as scrotum and penis

Question 2

what structures are contained in the scrotum:

Answer 2

paired testes and epididymides

Question 3

What does each testis contain

Answer 3

seminiferous tubules

Question 4

what do the seminiferous tubules of the testes produce:

Answer 4

sperm and inhibin and interstitial endocrine cells produce testosterone

Question 5

What are four male secondary sex characteristics

Answer 5

• chest/facial hair
• wide shoulders, narrow hips
• enlargement of larynx and deepening of voice
• increased activity of sebaceous glands

Question 6

What is the site of sperm storage and maturation

Answer 6

epididymis

Question 7

Peristaltic contractions of the ducts of the epididymis move sperm into…

Answer 7

the ductus (vas) deferens

Question 8

Where do the ductus deferens enter and exit

Answer 8

they exit in the scrotum and enter the pelvic cavity to loop over the ureters and empty into the ejaculatory ducts

Question 9

the seminal glands contribute a variety of substances to …

Answer 9

semen

Question 10

what are 3 substances produced by the seminal glands and functions of each

Answer 10

• fructose: production of ATP
• prostaglandin: sperm motility and viability
• clotting proteins (different than those in the blood): coagulation of semen after ejaculation

Question 11

where is the prostate located

Answer 11

surrounds the superior portion of the urethra

Question 12

what does the prostate gland secrete

Answer 12

• citric acid: used by sperm for ATP by krebs cycle
• seminalplasmin: contains antibodies and protects sperm against microbes and bacteria

Question 13

Where are the bulbourethral glands located:

Answer 13

inferior to the prostate and empties into the urethra

Question 14

what substances does the bulbourethral glands produce

Answer 14

• alkaline fluid: helps neutralize the acidity in the urethra from the urine -protects the sperm
• mucus: lubricates the urethra and protects the sperm from being damaged when ejaculated

Question 15

corpora spongiosum:

Answer 15

contains the spongy urethra and keeps it open during ejaculation

Question 16

corpora cavernosa

Answer 16

two columns of spongy tissue in the shaft of the penis. contains erectile tissue for erectility

Question 17

external urethral surface

Answer 17

opening of the urethra to the exterior

Question 18

glans penis

Answer 18

enlarged region at the distal end of the penis

Question 19

prepuce

Answer 19

foreskin, loose fitting skin covering the glans penis

Question 20

what does the female genital system contain

Answer 20

• ovaries
• uterine tubes
• uterus
• vagina
• external genitalia
• mammary glands

Question 21

at puberty the ovaries produce oocytes which are released in a process called

Answer 21

ovulation

Question 22

What hormones do the ovaries produce

Answer 22

• estrogen
• progesterone
• relaxin
• inhibin

Question 23

the uterine (fallopian) tubes act as a

Answer 23

passageway for sperm to reach the ovulated oocyte and transport secondary oocyte to the uterus

Question 24

what structures are contained at the distal end of the uterine tubes

Answer 24

the infundibulum: funnel shaped
fimbriae: finger like projections

Question 25

what is the site for implantation of blastocyst

Answer 25

uterus

Question 26

the uterus is held in place by

Answer 26

- broad ligament - round ligaments

Question 27

three layers of the uterus

Answer 27

- perimetrium - myometrium - endometrium

Question 28

the perimetrium is the most ------- layer and extends -------- to form the ------ ligament

Answer 28

superficial, laterally, broad

Question 29

the myometrium has

Answer 29

circular, longitudinal and oblique muscle layers

Question 30

what hormone inhibits the contraction of the myometrium

Answer 30

relaxin

Question 31

what are two sources for relaxin

Answer 31

- corpus luteum - placenta

Question 32

what is the vulva

Answer 32

- mons pubis - labia majora - labia minora - vestibule

Question 33

the mammary glands located inside each breast are

Answer 33

modified sudoriferous glands

Question 34

the process that synthesizes and ejects milk is called

Answer 34

lactation

Question 35

what anterior pituitary hormone is involved in milk production

Answer 35

prolactin

Question 36

what posterior pituitary hormone stimulates milk ejection

Answer 36

oxytocin

Question 37

ovaries

Answer 37

- female gonads - produce gametes, secondary oocytes which develop into mature ova after fertilization - produces hormones: progesterone, estrogen, inhibin, relaxin

Question 38

broad ligament

Answer 38

a double fold of parietal peritoneum attaching the uterus to the side of the pelvic cavity

Question 39

round ligaments

Answer 39

bands of dense irregular connective tissue between the layers of broad ligament; extend from uterus (below uterine tubes) to external genitalia

Question 40

mons pubis

Answer 40

rounded, fatty prominence over the pubic symphysis, covered by coarse pubic hair

Question 41

female secondary sex characteristics

Answer 41

- distribution of adipose tissue to abdomen, breasts and hips - high voice pitch - broad pelvis

Question 42

why is it important for the vagina to be acidic

Answer 42

provides innate immunity against microbes in the genital tract

Question 43

what is the function of semen

Answer 43

- provides the fluid in which sperm are transported - supplies nutrients - neutralizes acidity of male urethra and the vagina