LAB - GI System

Question 1

Four layers of the GI tract

Answer 1

• mucosa: epithelium, lamina propria, muscularis mucosa
• submucosa
• muscularis propria: inner circular layer of SM, outer longitudinal
• adventitia (CT only) or serosa

Question 2

serosa

Answer 2

CT lined with mesothelium

Question 3

four main types of cell in the gastric mucosa

Answer 3

• mucous cells - mucous
• parietal cells - HCl, KCl, electrolytes, gastric IF
• chief cells - pepsinogen, lipase
• cells of the diffuse endocrine system - gastrin

Question 4

six different cells in the small intestine

Answer 4

• absorptive
• goblet cells
• Paneth cells
• diffuse endocrine cells
• intraepithelial lymphocytes
• stem cells

Question 5

where are Brunner’s glands found

Answer 5

submucosa of Duodenum

Question 6

T or F. As you progress down the GI tract, the goblet cells decrease in number

Answer 6

F! increase

Question 7

appendix

Answer 7

• histologically resembles the large intestine

- no significant digestive or absorptive function

Question 8

acid produced by goblet cells

Answer 8

mucin

Question 9

largest gland in the body

Answer 9

liver

Question 10

parenchyma

Answer 10

functional cells of the organ

Question 11

functional cells of the liver

Answer 11

hepatocytes

Question 12

stroma

Answer 12

refers to the connective tissue of the organ

Question 13

hepatic portal vein

Answer 13

• delivers a supply of blood directly from the GI tract

- rich in absorbed food products but poor in oxgen

Question 14

hepatic artery

Answer 14

supplies liver with oxygen-rich blood

Question 15

components of the portal triad

Answer 15

• hepatic portal vein
• hepatic artery
• bile duct
• may also contain lymphatic vessels*

Question 16

wall of gallbladder has four layers

Answer 16

• mucosa
• submucosa
• muscularis: arranged in longitudinal, oblique, and transverse layers, but layers NOT distinct
• serosa

Question 17

T or F. portal triads have connective tissue surrounding them

Answer 17

T! while central veins/terminal hepatic venules have very little connective tissue around them

Question 18

this staining method outlines the microscopic structure of the liver

Answer 18

reticulin stain

Question 19

hepatic vein

Answer 19

responsible for venous drainage