Net movement of substances from
High to low
Baggies with starch and iodine:
What is moved through the baggie?
What is the process?
How do you know the substance moved?
- Iodine move through the baggies
- the process is diffusion
- blue black color indicates presence of both iodine and starch
Starch in beaker,iodine in baggie:
Which substance is in the beaker?
Which substance is in the baggie?
- Both starch and iodine is in the beaker because of the blue color
- iodine is in the baggie because of the brown color
Iodine in beaker, starch in baggie:
What substance is in the beaker?
What substance is in the baggie?
- iodine is in the beaker because of the brown color
- both is in the baggie because of the blue color
NaCl solution:
What are the two substances in the solution?
Which is the solute?
Which is the solvent?
- Water and NaCl
- NaCl (salt)
- Water
Potatoes soaked in distilled water or in NaCl solution:
How does potato feel when soaked in distilled water?
Is distilled water hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic?
Potatoes lost or gain water?
Are potatoes turgid or plasmolyzed?
- firm
- hypotonic
- gain
- turgid
Potatoes soaked in distilled water or in NaCl solution:
How does potatoes feel in NaCl solution?
Is 10% NaCl hypotonic, isotonic, or hypertonic?
Potato cell gain or lose water?
Turgid or plasmolyze?
- floppy
-hypertonic - lose water
- plasmolyze
Blood cells put in distilled water, 0.9% salt, or 10% salt water:
What solution is hypotonic to blood cells?
What solution is hypertonic to blood cells?
- distilled water
- 10% salt water
Blood cells put in distilled water, 0.9% salt, 10% salt water:
Blood cells gain or lose in hypotonic solution?
Cremated or hemolyzed?
Blood appears cloudy or clear?
- gain
- hemolyzed
- clear
Blood cells put in distilled water, 0.9% salt, 10% salt water:
Blood cells gain or lose in hypertonic solution?
Crenated or hemolyzed?
Cloudy or clear?
- lose
- Crenated
- Cloudy
Concentration of isotonic NaCl solution to blood cells?
Effect does isotonic solution have on cells?
What molecule moves in and out of the cell?
What process?
- 0.9%
- No effect
- Water
- Osmosis
Elodea leaf in distilled water and 10% salt water:
What solution is hypotonic?
What solution is hypertonic?
- distilled water
-10% salt water
Elodea leaf in distilled water and in 10% salt water:
Appearance of cell when lost water?
Hypotonic or hypertonic?
Water or 10% NaCl?
Turgid or plasmolyzed.
- chloroplast clumps to the center
- hypertonic
- 10% NaCl
- plasmolyzed
Elodea leaf in distilled water or salt water solution:
- Appearance when gained water?
- Hypertonic or hypotonic?
- Water or 10% NaCl?
- Turgid or Plasmolyzed?
- Chloroplast on the edge of cell
- Hypotonic
- Water
- Turgid
- What molecule moved into or out of the elodea cells?
- What is the process?
- water
- osmosis
Enzymes
2H2O2 —catalase—>2H2O +O2
- substrate?
- products?
- enzyme?
- hydrogen peroxide
- water + oxygen
- catalase
Enzymes:
- how do you know reaction had taken place?
- source of enzyme used?
- liquid product caused by reaction?
- gas product caused by reaction (in bubbles)?
- bubble column
- potato juice
- water
- oxygen
Enzymes:
- what happened when an enzyme is denatured?
-temp that denatures most enzymes?
- does pH denature enzymes?
- stops working
- very hot temp
- yes
Factors affecting enzyme activity:
- hydrogen peroxide + catalase
- water + hydrogen peroxide
- catalase + sucrose
- yes
- no, no catalase
- no, no substrate
Factors affecting enzymes activity:
- catalase 0 °C + hydrogen peroxide
- catalase at room temp + hydrogen peroxide
- boiled catalase + hydrogen
- yes
- yes
- no, denatured
Factors affecting enzyme activity:
- catalase + hydrogen peroxide + water (pH 7)
- Catalase + hydrogen peroxide + HCl
- Catalase + hydrogen peroxide + NaOH
- yes
- no, denatured
- no, denatured
Factors affecting enzyme activity:
REMEMBER!!
- The more enzyme means faster reaction
- The more substrate means faster reactions to a certain point
Experiment with liver and hydrogen peroxide:
- Does liver have catalase?
- how do you prove?
- Exergonic or endergonic reaction?
- how do you know?
- Is catalase reusable?
- how do you prove?
- yes
- by adding hydrogen peroxide
- Exergonic
- tube was warm
- yes
- by adding more hydrogen peroxide
Photosynthesis:
- organelle involved in photosynthesis?
- general equation for photosynthesis?
- chloroplast
- H2O + CO2 - > glucose + O2
