1 - abstract
indication that a narrative is about to start and the speaker wants the listeners attention
2- orientation
the who, what, why, where - setting the scene
3- complicating action
the main body of the story with a range of detail
4- resolution
the final events, rounding of the narrative
5- evaluation
addition to the story, highlighting attitudes or commanding attention
6- coda
a sign that the narrative is complete - might include a return to the starting time frame