Labour Support

Question 1

Benefits of prenatal education

Answer 1

decrease fear = decrease tension = decrease pain

• empowers women with information and allows them to know what to expect
• teaching breathing techniques and pain

First trimester class

• gestational changes
• self-care
• sexuality
• environmental dangers
• breastfeeding and forumla

Second and third trimesters

• preparation for birth
• postpartum self care, infant care
• purchase of a car seat, and importance

Question 2

Pain theory and some example of coping

Answer 2

Gate Control (Melzack, Wall) 
activation of lg. fibre nerves can interfere with signals from pain fibres and thus inhibit an individuals perception of pain. E.g. Massage

Neuromatrix Pain Theory (Melzack)
expansion of above theory to include cognitive, affective & sensory influences on pain including NB contributions of memory & past experience

Effleurage - stroking the abdomen during a contraction
Aqua therapy - bath
Music therapy
change of position

Question 3

What are some medical management during labor

Answer 3

Nitrous Oxide
Narcotic Administration
Regional Anesthesia & Analgesia e.g., Epidural Anesthesia
Pudendal Block
Local Infiltration

Question 4

What are some benefits of open glottis pushing

Answer 4

Benefits:
no neg. effects on umbilical cord gases
Shorter 2nd stage
Less maternal fatigue
↓2nd/3rd degree lacerations/episiotomies  

Positions:
Upright positions recommended e.g., sitting, standing, squatting, kneeling