Recall vs recognition memory
recognition = prompted, associated with context of encoding
recall = mental search of information
accuracy of LT memory - word list – design & variables
- within subjects
- 6 lists of 15 words - semantically linked
- Independent variable = type of word
- in lists
- not in lists (control)
- not in lists (‘lure’)
- Dependent variable = confidence rating
accuracy of LT memory - word list – hypothesis/finding
Participants will have
higher confidence
ratings for the new list-related words (lures)
than for new, non-list-related words
accuracy of LT memory - False Fame – design and variables
- within subjects
- 90 names
- 40 famous
- 50 not
- 25 new
- 25 pre-exposed
- Independent variable = Type of name
- Famous
- Not famous, new
- Not famous, old (preexposed)
- Dependent variable = Percent guessed as ‘famous’
accuracy of LT memory - false fame – hypothesis/finding
Participants will label
more of the pre-exposure
non-famous names as
‘famous’, than the
completely new non-famous names
summary of accuracy of LT memory experiements
Experiment
* We reconstruct our memories rather than simply record and play back
Experiment 2
* Forgetting the source of a memory can lead to memory inaccuracies
allocentric vs egocentric space
allocentric = observer
independent, relies on identifiable environmental features/landmarks, and their relationship to other environmental features
egocentric = observer
dependent, observer’s movement through
environment/their spatial relationship to environmental features
2 Types of Spatial Information
Location Based = Fixed point references
Movement Based= Generated by own movements
Piloting
- Location based
- hidden target
- Current position estimated by distance and direction from landmarks
Beacon Homing
- when you get close
- travelling directly towards a fixed landmark
Effect of terrain on distance estimation
uphill = more perceived effort = over estimate distance
Timing mental processes - subtraction method
- time full sequence of events (like getting up and going to uni)
- time full sequence of events but don’t do the one of interest (e.g. skip brekkie)
- subtract the changed one from the full one = time for event of interest (e.g. brekkie)
Assumptions of the Subtraction Method
- Assumption of Seriality - There must be no overlap of tasks
- Assumption of Independence - Removal of one task does not affect
other tasks
Processes that make up the choice reaction time task
- Detect Stimulus: Is there something there?
- Identify Stimulus: What stimulus is there?
- Select Response: Which finger should I respond with?
- Execute Response: Press the appropriate key.
Processes that make up a Go/No Go Task
- Detect Stimulus: Is there something there?
- Identify Stimulus: What stimulus is there?
- (No need to select response.)
- Execute Response: Press the appropriate key.
Processes that make up a
Simple reaction time Task
- Detect Stimulus: Is there something there?
- (No need to identify stimulus.)
- (No need to select response.)
- Execute Response: Press the appropriate key.
signal detection theory - radiologist example - HIT
Hit = is there, radiologist says
signal detection theory - radiologist example - CORRECT REJECTION
Correct rejection = not there, radiologist says
signal detection theory - radiologist example - FALSE ALARM
false alarm = radiologist says it is there, but actually isn’t
– negative side effects of chemo unnecessary
signal detection theory - radiologist example - MISS
is there, radiologist says no
- miss out on treatment
YES bias
= more hits, more false alarms
= less misses, less correct rejections
NO bias
= less hits, less false alarms
= more misses, more correct rejections
response criterion symbol
(c)
-c
yes bias
