sensitivity test
- used for screening NOT to rule out disease/ diagnoses
- test is most useful when negative
specificity test
- able to pick up non affected persons
- used to rule out or confirm diagnoses
- most useful when positive
- a good test is cheap/inexpensive
what test do you do to rule IN FAVOR of diagnosis?
-specific test
-
what test do you do to rule OUT diagnosis?
-sensitive test
-
what data do you get from a CBC?
-RBC Hgb Hct WBC platelets
what values do you get from RBC indices test?
MCV
MCH
MCHC
RDW
What values do you get from a WBC differential?
-bands neutrophils eosinophils basophils lymphocytes monocytes
when do you get amylase/lipase values?
-diagnose pancreatitis
or salivary gland obstruction
or lipase specific for pancreatitis
when is CRP high?
chronic inflammation
chronic infection
autoimmune diseases
cardiovascular risk
when is ESR high?
chronic inflammation
chronic infection
autoimmune diseases
how do you test for H.pylori?
- blood test: positive Ab (either current or past infec)
- Urea breath test: +=current infection
- Stool antigen
Serum iron low vs high
low: iron def Anemia, GI bleed, heave period, anemia of chronic disease
- high:hemochromatosis, hemosiderosis
Total iron binding capacity (transferrin), low vs high
- low: cirrhosis, SCD, pernicious anemia
- high: iron def. anemia, PRV
ferritin
-better estimate of total body iron vs serum iron
PT/INR
(prothrombin time)
-checks warfarin effects or liver disease
PT: checks factors: I,II,V,VII,X
INR: standardizes results of PTs
PTT
(partial thromboplastin time)
-checks effects of heparin
Rheumatoid factor, antinuclear antibodies(ANA)
- detect autoimmune diseases
- ocassionally elevated level of RD is present in healthy eople
- diagnosis, RA< SLE, Sjogrens syndrome
nephrolithiais
-icnrease of uric acid in urine
Cyanocobalamin
- VitB12
- affects:blood cells/ nervous sytem
- seen in vegetarians
- deficiency: peripheral neuropathy, Nervous system disorders
- high methylmalonic levels
Folic acid/ RBC folate
- vit B9
- affects blood cell synthesis, nervous system function
- needed for normal fetus developmet,
- seen in meat only diets
deficiency: megaloclastic anemia, nervous sytem issue
