The three key microscopy terms are magnification, __________, and __________.
resolution, contrast
Light microscopes use __________ light; electron microscopes use __________.
visible, electrons
__________ EM shows 3D surfaces; __________ EM shows internal structure.
scanning, transmission
Cell fractionation uses __________ to separate cell parts.
centrifugation (ultracentrifuge)
Nucleus: contains __________; surrounded by a double __________.
DNA, membrane
Ribosomes: made of __________ and __________. Free ribosomes make proteins for __________; bound ribosomes make proteins for __________.
rRNA, protein, cytosol, secretion/endomembrane system
Rough ER makes __________; smooth ER makes __________ and detoxifies __________.
proteins, lipids, poisons
Golgi modifies and __________ cell products.
sorts/packages
Lysosomes digest __________, __________, __________, and __________.
proteins, fats, polysaccharides, nucleic acids
Central vacuoles in plants store __________ and maintain __________.
water, pressure/shape
Mitochondria carry out __________; chloroplasts carry out __________.
cellular respiration, photosynthesis
Peroxisomes break down molecules and produce __________.
hydrogen peroxide
Three components: __________ (thickest), __________ (thinnest), __________ (middle).
microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments
__________ move chromosomes during cell division.
microtubules
Cilia and __________ are locomotor appendages made of microtubules.
flagella
Microfilaments (actin) help with __________ streaming and __________ movement.
cytoplasmic, amoeboid
Intermediate filaments provide __________ support and are more __________.
structural, permanent
Plant cell walls are made of __________.
cellulose
Animal cells have an extracellular matrix (ECM) made of __________.
glycoproteins (collagen, proteoglycans, fibronectin)
Four intercellular junctions: __________ (plants), __________, __________, __________ (animals).
plasmodesmata, tight junctions, desmosomes, gap junctions
