LCT19: Heracles II

Question 1

Peloponnesian Labors

Answer 1

Heracles first six labors

Question 2

FIRST Labor

Answer 2

The Nemean Lion

• offspring of Typhoios
• skin invulnerable
• Heracles tracks lion to its cave, wrestles it and strangles it

Question 3

The lionskin

Answer 3

Heracles uses the dead lions own claw to flay its skin, wears lion skin from this point on (wears it as body armor)

Question 4

SECOND Labor

Answer 4

The Lernaian Hydra

• lives in swamps of Lerna
• 9 headed water serpent (blood poisonous)
• when on Hydra head dies, two grow back in its place

Question 5

Tourches of Iolaus

Answer 5

scorches stumps of Hydra to prevent regeneration

Question 6

What does Heracles do with the Hydra’s blood?

Answer 6

dips his arrows in it

Question 7

THIRD Labor

Answer 7

The Cerynitian Deer

• must be brought back alive from Mt. Lerynia
• sacred to Artemis; tracks it for a year
• catches it, carries it back to Eeurystheus

Question 8

FOURTH Labor

Answer 8

The Erymanthian Boar

• must be brought back alive from Mt. Erymanthos
• Parergon (side adventure) - centaur battle!

Question 9

Who was the good centaur that had Heracles as a guest?

Answer 9

Pholos - opens jar of wine for guest, shared by all neighboring centaurs

Question 10

What happens when the jar of wine is opened?

Answer 10

attacks other centaurs - Heracles fights them off, purses them all over Greece, centaurs flee to cave of Cheiron

Question 11

What does Heracles accidentally do?

Answer 11

shoots Cheiron w/ poisoned arrow –> Cheiron’s long life comes to an end

Question 12

What does Pholos do?

Answer 12

drops poisoned arrow on his foot, dies

Question 13

FIFTH Labor

Answer 13

The Cattle of Augeias

• Augeias has vast heard of cattle; stables never cleaned
• Heracles offers to clean stables in one day for 1/10 of Augeias’ heard
• Heracles diverts two rivers into the stables
• Augeias goes back on promise of cattle
• Heracles returns after labors, kills Augeias

Question 14

SIXTH Labor

Answer 14

The Stymphalian Birds

• flock near forest on Stymphalion Marsh (shoot deadly steel-tipped feathers)
• flushes them out w/ bronze rattles
• shoots them all down w/ his bow

Question 15

Non-Peloponnosian Labors

Answer 15

Heracles last six labors

Question 16

SEVENTH Labor

Answer 16

The Cretan Bull

• bull sacred to Poseidon
• brings it alive to Eurystheus
• lets it go free in Marathon

Question 17

EIGHTH Labor

Answer 17

The Mares of Diomedes (King, son of Ares)

• owns carnivorous horses
• wounds Diomedes, feeds him to the horses
• Heracles tames the horses, takes them back to Eurystheus

Question 18

NINTH Labor

Answer 18

The War-Belt of Hippolyte

• Heracles goes to Themiscyra with small army
• Hippolyte offers her war-belt to Heracles
• disguised Hera riles up the Amazons, who attack
• Heracles kills Hippolyte in battle and takes the belt

Question 19

Amazons

Answer 19

tribe of female warriors (maimed and enslaved male children)

- a+mazas = “breastless”- cut off right breast when young

Question 20

TENTH Labor

Answer 20

The Cattle of Geryones

• bring back cattle of Geryones from western island of Erytheia
• Defeats Geryones

Question 21

Geryones - who is his ally?

Answer 21

3-bodied man w/ herd of red cattle - ally: Orthos (2 headed dog)

Question 22

What does Helios give Heracles?

Answer 22

a giant golden cup to help him sail to Erytheia

Question 23

ELEVENTH Labor

Answer 23

The Apples of the Hesperides (daughters of Night)

• guard golden apples on sacred tree near atlas
• Heracles holds up sky while Atlas fetches the apples
• Atlas returns, wants to take apples to Eurystheus himself but Heracles tricks Atlas, escapes with the apples

Question 24

Hesperides golden apples

Answer 24

Gaia’s wedding gift to Zeus and Hera

Question 25

What does Heracles do on his way to get the golden apples?

Answer 25

Frees Perometheus and Perometheus gives him advice - make use of Atlas

Question 26

TWELFTH Labor

Answer 26

Cerberos - the hardest of his labors - Hades will let Heracles take Cerberos but no weapons allowed - Heracles wrestles Cerberos into submission

Question 27

Cerberos

Answer 27

3 headed guard dog at the gates of the Underworld | - all free from him excel the ghost of Meleagros

Question 28

Who does Meleagros subject for Heracles to marry?

Answer 28

Deianeira - Meleagros sister