Leaf adaptations

Question 1

What is the structure of a leaf adapted for?

Answer 1

gas exchange and photosynthesis

Question 2

Name adaptations that help with photosynthesis.

Answer 2

• epidermis cells are transparent to let light through to the photosynthetic cells
• waxy cuticle is waterproof and transparent to let light through and prevent loss of water
• flattened shape of leaf gives large surface area to absorb light
• the palisade cells are packed with chloroplasts for maximum photosynthesis
• xylem cells bring water for photosynthesis
• phloem removes the sugars made in photosynthesis

Question 3

Name adaptions to help with gas exchange.

Answer 3

• air surrounds the surface of each cell so that gas exchange can take place
• stomata (pores) allow CO2 from air into the leaf and allow oxygen from photosynthesis to leave the leaf (the open/close depending on light levels)
• internal air spaces increase surface area for diffusion of gases
• the spongy mesophyll cells are irregularly shaped to create air spaces for gas exchange

Question 4

Describe how a palisade mesophyll cell is adapted to perform photosynthesis

Answer 4

• found in the upper surface of the leaf
• contains lots of chloroplasts
• contains chlorophyll to absorb light