Catagenesis occurs in?
Absence of both oxygen and nitrogen
Done at the beginning of oil extraction
Primary recovery
What is the natural phenomena that can oil br recovered from?
- water naturally present in the ground moves the oil to the base of the well.
-the expansion of the gas initially present in oil makes it possible to raise the oil.
Demulsification method:
عددي
- Centrifugation
- Warming
- Electric current application
- Addition of chemicals to break up the emulsion
High temperature is favourable for the demulsification process becomes?
عددي
- decreases viscosity
- Increase collision rate between different molecules facilitating microbial removal of emulsion from interfacial surface between oil and water
from what petroleum fluid are composed?
of HCs devoid of O and N
use of microorganisms in recovery of oil
MEOR
properties determined for a well stream? (Fluid properties)
- Relative amount of oil+gas 2. Density of oil
Advantage of MEOR
عددي
- Production of biosurfactants
- Production of biogenic gas
- Produced biofilm
4.control H2S production - reactivate of aged production wells
- Lower cost
- Lower energy consumption
- Less or no chemical are add
Q: what is the aim of thermal method?
(Tertiary recovery)
To decrease oil Viscosity by applying high temperature.
what is the aim of chemical method?
(Tertiary recovery)
To improve solubility +mobility of oil between rocks towards the yippee surface of well
What is the natural phenomena that rise oil?
( primary recovery)
By expansion of the gas initially present in oil makes it possible to raise oil. water natu
Disadvantages of MEOR?
- Uncertainty providing suitable conditions for injected M.Os.
- Essential to remove M.O and their bioproducts at end of oil production.
- Unpredictability of process
