Lecture 1

Question 1

What is big data?

Answer 1

extremely large datasets that have grown enormous sizes beyond the ability to manage and analyze using traditional data processing tools

Question 2

4 Data Structures

Answer 2

Vector, Matrix, List, Dataframe

Question 3

Vector is

Answer 3

one-dimensional data structure that holds elements of the same data type, used in statistical analysis and data modeling

Question 4

Matrix?

Answer 4

TWO dimensional data structure with rows and columns of data, used for mathematical applications

Question 5

List

Answer 5

data structure that hold different data types and can be dynamically resized, used in programming for tasks like building lists

Question 6

Dataframe

Answer 6

two-dimensional data structure stores data in tabular format like sheets, include numeric, character and vector. Used in data analysis and manipulation like Python and R

Question 7

Types of Data

Answer 7

Structured, unstructured, semi-structured

Question 8

Structured data is

Answer 8

• data that is organized, easily analyzed using traditional tools & technologies.
• Ex: financial data, sales and customer data

Question 9

Unstructured data

Answer 9

• data that has no specific format
• variety of formats: text, audio, video
• more difficult to analyze than structured data
• ex: social media posts, customer reviews, emails

Question 10

Semi-structured data

Answer 10

• a type of data that has some structure
• does not fit neatly into a structure data model
• example: XML or JSON formats

Question 11

Levels of Measurement

Answer 11

2 Qualitative:
- Nominal
- Ordinal

2 Quantitative:
- Interval
- Ratio

Question 12

Nominal

Answer 12

categories data with no order. Example: gender, male and female

Question 13

Ordinal

Answer 13

Data have ordered categories but no consistent intervals. Example: satissifed - dissatisfied

Question 14

Interval

Answer 14

have consistent intervals but an arbitrary zero point. Example: Weather, celcius

Question 15

Ratio

Answer 15

data with consistent intervals and true zero point. Example: weight, height, income

Question 16

Characteristic of Big Data (6V’s)

Answer 16

1. Volume: amount of data generated and stored in the system
2. Variety: type of data managed by information system
3. Velocity: frequency at which data is generated, captured and shared
4. Veracity: Level of quality, accuracy and uncertainty of data and sources
5. Value: The value and potential derived from data
6. Variability: how often this change happens