Lecture 15

Question 1

Priority heuristic

Answer 1

1. Compare the minimum gains in each option. if they differ substantially*, pick option with higher minimum. If they’re similar, go to 2.
2. Compare the probabilities of the min. gains for each option. If they differ substantially**, pick option with lower probability of min. If they’re similar, go to 3.
3. Pick the option with the bigger maximum gain.

Question 2

Goal-Satisfaction-based decision making

Answer 2

Make decision to reach material, social, cognitive, emotional goals. Meta-goal is to create a plan that hits as many big goals as possible. This plan is selected in variety of compensatory and non-compensatory ways. Needs time and cognitive resources

Question 3

Rule-based decision making

Answer 3

Pretty automatic - recognizing situation as one where best action is already known and stored - retrieving rather than computing, if-then. Recognition (situation, role, rules) and categorization. Quick, consistent

Question 4

Recognition-based decision making

Answer 4

Special type of rule-based decision making. Contains non-deliberative, principle-based, stereotype-based, case-based (recognition-primed)

Question 5

Role-based decision making

Answer 5

Special type of rule-based decision making. Situations where calculation-based decisions would lead to socially suboptimal outcomes. Appropriateness of doing things like checking phone. Best for satisfying social goal of affiliation.

Question 6

Affect-based decision making

Answer 6

People base their decision on their holistic emotional reaction to different choice options. Impulse buying, swayed by advertisements. Conditioned, instantaneous, phobias. Often strong enough to overcome rationality

Question 7

Matching domain and strategy

Answer 7

Different decision modes might fit best with different situations.