Lecture 15 - Limbic system

Question 1

What are the main parts of limbic circuitry

Answer 1

limbic cortex 
basal ganglia
thalamus and epithalamus
septal area and basal forebrain
hippocampal formation
amygdala
olfactory cortex and bulb
hypothalamus
brainstem

Question 2

What is the only sensory connection to the limbic pathways

Answer 2

smell

Question 3

What is in the hippocampal formation

Answer 3

hippocampus
dentate gyrus
subiculum

s shaped

Question 4

what are the two circuits in the hippocampal formation

Answer 4

1. perforant pathway - connects all parts of the hippocampal formation to the entorhinal cortex…
2. alvear pathway - goes from hippocampus to entorhinal cortex

Question 5

What are the pathways in which the input through the entorhinal cortex reaches the hippocampal formation?

Answer 5

perforant pathway

alvear pathway

they both go from entorhinal, to hippocampal then back to entorhinal

Question 6

describe the perforant pathway

Answer 6

goes through the entorhinal > perirhinal and pa

Question 7

describe the perforant pathway

Answer 7

goes through the perirhinal and parahippocampal > ENTORHINAL > subiculum > Hippocampus > dentate gyrus > then back down

Question 8

describe the alvear pathway

Answer 8

entorhinal cortex > CA 1 and C3

basically all outputs in this pathway are from CA1, CA3 to the subiculum

Question 9

where is LTP found?

Answer 9

in the PERFORANT PATHWAY

ccauses an increase in synaptic strength between involved neurons

Question 10

what are the two main types of memory

Answer 10

declarative and non declarative

synonymous: explicit and implicit

Question 11

waht are the times of declarative/explicit memories

Answer 11

facts and events

Question 12

what are the types of implicit/non declarative memory

Answer 12

skills and habits

priming

classical conditioning

non associative learning

Question 13

What are the cortical connections to the amygdala

Answer 13

• diverse cortical areas
• connections project both posteriorly and laterally from the amygdala
• uncinate fasiculus passes anteriorly to connect amygdala with medial orbitofrontal and cingulate cortices
• hippocampus is well connected with the amygdala for fear learning

Question 14

What are the subcortical connections to the amygdala

Answer 14

two main pathways

• stria terminalis
• ventral amygdalofugal pathway

important for motivational, autonomic and neuroendocrine functions

Question 15

describe stria terminalis pathway

Answer 15

long way around

stria terminalis is c shaped

the pathway goes from amygdala, along this which runs under the lateral ventricle, then reaches teh hypothalamus and septal area

Question 16

describe the ventral amygdalogufal pathway

Answer 16

• passess anteriorly from amygdala to several forebrain and brainstem structures.

Question 17

describe the olfactory ocnnections with the amygdala

Answer 17

olfactory inputs are carried from the bulb to the lateral olfactory stria to the corticomedial nucleus of the amygdala.