Lecture 2

Question 1

Big 5 Personality Factors (Goldberg) -> OCEAN

Answer 1

O- Openness
C- Conscientiousness
E - Extraversion 
A - Agreeableness
N - Neuroticism

Question 2

The Skills Approach (Katz)

Answer 2

• > skills are developed and learned (leaders are NOT BORN!)
• leader-centered perspective

Question 3

3 Basic Skills: KATZ

Answer 3

1. Technical skills = knowledge about and proficiency in specific type of work or activity, analytic abilities
2. Human skills = knowledge about and ability to work with people (social skills)
3. Conceptual skills = ability to work with ideas and concepts

Question 4

leadership theory - behavioral perspective

Answer 4

• focus on leaders style of action
• typically categorized with regard to task orientation
• focus on achievement of work goals or objectives and organizing structures, rules or designs

Question 5

The behavioral approach

Answer 5

• emphasizes the behavior of leader
• focuses exclusively on what leaders do and how they act
• 2 general kinds of behaviors: 1. task behavior & 2.relationship behavior

Question 6

Blake and Mouton’s Leadership Grid model (2 factors)

Answer 6

1. Concern for people = describes how a leader attends to the people in an organization
2. Concern for production = describes how a leader is concerned with achieving organizational tasks

-> A leadership tool which provides an expansive and more complex view and assessment on leadership behaviors

Question 7

Authority Compliance (9,1)

Answer 7

• tough leader
• controlling, demanding, hard driving & overpowering
• result driven, low evaluation of personal values
• > leader sees followers as a tool without social needs for getting the job done

Question 8

Country-Club Management

Answer 8

• Attention to needs of people
• comfortable, friendly organizational atmosphere & work tempo
• high concern for interpersonal relationships

Question 9

Impoverished Management (1,1)

Answer 9

• unconcerned with both (task and interpersonal relationship)
• minimum effort together required work done as appropriate to sustain organization membership

Question 10

Middle of the Road Management (5,5)

Answer 10

• adequate organizational performance
• balancing productivity and individual needs
• avoids conflicts and emphasizes moderate levels of production and interpersonal relationships

Question 11

Team management (9,9)

Answer 11

• leader stimulates participation and team work
• relationships of trust and respect
• work accomplishment is from committed people

Question 12

Paternalism/Maternalism

Answer 12

• refers to a leader who uses both 1,9 and 9,1 styles but does not integrate the two
• benevolent director = acts graciously, but does so for the purpose of goal accomplishment
• organization is like a family - rewarding loyalty and punishing noncompliance

Question 13

Opportunism

Answer 13

• using any combination of the basic 5 styles for the purpose of personal advancement (self-interest goes first)
• leader will adapt and shift his/her leadership style to gain personal advantage