- Regarding DNA replication, DNA replication begins at the ______________ site and ends at a specific site called the _______________. Fill in the blanks.
origin, terminus
- Regarding DNA replication, What is the main function of something within the polymerase class of enzymes?
Enzyme that is responsible for placing nucleotides
- Regarding DNA replication, which statement accurately describes the function of (a) DNA polymerase I, (b) DNA polymerase II, or (c) DNA polymerase III?
-Adds new nucleotides to the end, the starting point
-a short stretch of DNA or RNA nucleotides hydrogen bonded to its complete strand. Responsible for all repairs
-main synthesizing, synthesizing all the nucleotides like a train, and most responsible for the bulk of DNA synthesis.
- Regarding DNA replication, what is a primer?
Starting point
- Regarding DNA replication, what happens if no primer is present?
You cannot continue with the process, with no starting point, nothing can’t happen
- Regarding DNA replication, what is the main function of an nuclease?
Things that remove any nucleotides that do not belong there and must be cut out
- Regarding DNA replication, what is the difference between an endonuclease and an exonuclease?
Endonuclease- inside Exonuclease- outside
- Regarding DNA replication, which statement accurately describes a (a) difference or (b) similarity between the leading and lagging strands of DNA templates?
Leading is continuous, lagging is discontinuous, and has to be made with fragments
- The site of the opening of the DNA strand where active replication occurs (and other enzymatic activities) is called the ______________. Fill in the blank.
Replication Fork
- Regarding DNA replication, which statement accurately describes the function of (a) helicase, (b) primase, (c) DNA gyrase, or (d) DNA ligase?
- Helicase - the area that is going to unwind the DNA double helix and open up the replication fork.
- Primase - makes primers
- DNA gyrase - Relieves torque, and doesn’t allow the DNA to get all bound up. Zips up the DNA behind the replication fork. Prevents DNA from tangling up. Allows no breakage or twisting.
- DNA ligase - located at the end of DNA. Joins the ends of DNA segments + Does DNA repair
- Regarding DNA replication, what is the definition or function (i.e. why is it needed) of a single-stranded binding protein?
Stabilizes single-stranded regions which are usually not stable in Aqueous environments.
- There are three main stages of DNA replication. Which statement describes the initiation stage (only as discussed in class)?
Initiation - initiating the process and getting all of the stuff ready, recognition of specific sites, other protein formation, opening of the replication fork
- There are three main stages of DNA replication. Which statement describes the elongation stage (only as discussed in class)?
Elongation - DNA polymerase III (is going to create all new nucleotides) add successive nucleotides to the strands
- There are three main stages of DNA replication. Which statement describes the termination stage (only as discussed in class)?
Termination - Finishing point, DNA gyrase, a termination site
- What is the difference between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA replication (know the chart on PPT Chapter 14 Slide 21)?
THE CHART IS ON THE DOC
- What is a similarity between eukaryotic and prokaryotic DNA replication (know the chart on PPT Chapter 14 Slide 21)?
-Pre-existing DNA,
-The direction of replication both 3-5 and 5-3,
-Replication model semi conservative
