Lecture 2:

Question 1

Determine what type of canal is seen below?

Answer 1

Type I

Question 2

Determine what type of canal is seen below?

Answer 2

Type II

Question 3

Determine what type of canal is seen below?

Answer 3

Type III

Question 4

Determine what type of canal is seen below?

Answer 4

Type IV

Question 5

What are the 5 principles to shaping?

Answer 5

1. A CONSTANTLY TAPERING FUNNEL from crown to WL
2. CURVES OF CANAL RESPECTED without transportation
3. Retention of the APICAL CONSTRICTION
4. ENLARGEMENT OF THE CANAL SYSTEM to create clean white fillings
5. ADEQUATE “DEEP SPACE” for proper obturation

Question 6

List the 9 steps following proper access:

Answer 6

1. Scouting (#10 hand file)
2. Patency (#10 hand file)
3. Working Length (#15 hand file) TIGHT file
4. Glide path (#15 hand file) LOOSE file

—ONLY HAND FILES TO THIS POINT—

5. Shaping of coronal 1/3 of canal (Wave One Gold)
6. Shaping of middle 1/3 of canal (Wave one Gold)
7. Perfecting straight-line-access to mid-root (.25/.12)
8. Shaping of apical 1/3 of canal (Wave One Gold)
9. Final shaping objective (Vortex blue)

Question 7

When using hand files after the shaping of the apical 1/3 of canal with wave one gold, this process is called:

Answer 7

SSB - Serial Step Back

Question 8

What file is used for scouting?

Answer 8

10

Question 9

What file is used to find patency?

Answer 9

10

Question 10

What motion should be used during scouting?

Answer 10

Watch winding

Question 11

The gentle right and left rocking motion, which causes the instrument to cut while a light inward pressure (straight arrow) keeps the file engaged and progressing toward the apex.

Answer 11

Watch winding

Question 12

When watch-winding, how many degrees each way?

Answer 12

30 degrees

Question 13

The canal is ____ when a #10 file goes slightly beyond the canal exit (0.5mm)= Long- into the periodontal ligament

Answer 13

patent

Question 14

The ____ will help us locate the canal exit clinically

Answer 14

apex locator

Question 15

Patency is maintained by:

Answer 15

recapitulation

Question 16

Patency is maintained by recapitulation- which is:

Answer 16

irrigating and revisiting potency after wave one with #10 file

Question 17

When trying to obtain patency, if there is TIGHT resistance to apical advancement, you probably have:

Answer 17

small canal

Question 18

When trying obtain patency, if there is LOOSE resistance to apical advancement, you have encountered a ____ .

Answer 18

canal curvatures

Question 19

All shaping is done at:

Answer 19

WL

Question 20

What is the reference point for anteriors?

Answer 20

incisal edge

Question 21

What is the reference point for posteriors?

Answer 21

cusp for which canal is named

Question 22

On the apex locator, what denotes patency?

Answer 22

single red line

Question 23

How do you tell if canals converge or are simply 2 canals in close proximity?

Answer 23

The 2 file technique

Question 24

What is being described below?

1. Establish working length of “each canal” separately
2. Attempt to place 2 files to WL in each canal at the same time
3. If both go to working length this means 2 canals
4. If one goes to WL and the other is short, reverse the placement sequence, and if one is still still short this means you have a converging class II canals

Answer 24

2 File technique (to determine if there are 2 canals in close proximity or if canals converge)

Question 25

To determine if there are 2 canals in close proximity or if canals converge: If both files go to working length:

Answer 25

2 canals

Question 26

To determine if there are 2 canals in close proximity or if canals converge: Only one file goes to WL:

Answer 26

canals converge

Question 27

You should create a smooth glide path only after:

Answer 27

WL is confirmed with #15 handfile

Question 28

List the purposes of creating a smooth glide path (3)

Answer 28

1. smooth curves & make sure no canal obstructions 2. create space for rotary instruments 3. to relieve stress on tip of rotary file (minimize fracture risk)

Question 29

The glide path is created using:

Answer 29

hand files (pre-curved to match or slightly exceed the curvature of the canal); watch-winding motion

Question 30

What motion do we use when using Wave One Gold to shape the canals?

Answer 30

light "pecking" motion

Question 31

When do we perfect the straight-line access to mid-root?

Answer 31

following 2nd 1/3 of shaping (with wave one)

Question 32

What do we use to perfect straight-line access to mid-root?

Answer 32

.25/.12 orfice opener

Question 33

What files are used for the final shaping and smoothing of the canal?

Answer 33

Vortex blue files

Question 34

Radiographs will generally show ___ & ___ curves

Answer 34

mesial & distal

Question 35

____ & ___ curves will usually NOT be seen on the radiograph

Answer 35

facial & lingual

Question 36

A bullseye indicates:

Answer 36

root tip severely turns to facial or lingual

Question 37

What can happen when we place a straight hand file in a curved canal?

Answer 37

ledges and blockages

Question 38

A ledge can be the first step to ___ or ___

Answer 38

blockage or transportation (outside wall)

Question 39

_____ of apex occurs within the root. This may also be called ___.

Answer 39

Transportation; zip

Question 40

If a zip occurs through the apex to the exterior of the root, we have:

Answer 40

apical strip perforation

Question 41

Occurs when files used are either too large or toot aggressively used for a small or thin walled canal:

Answer 41

Strip-perforation

Question 42

Strip perforations communal occurs on the distal or mesial root of _____, and MF of ____ & ____

Answer 42

lower molars; upper molars & 2 canal PMs