layers of the eyelid
- skin
- subcutaneous tissue
- orbicularis oculi muscle
- orbital septum
- conjunctiva
- tarsus
orbicularis oculi
- orbital part and palpebral part
- palpebral part associated with blinking
- innervated by facial nerve
orbital septum
extension from periosteal layer of dura mater
muscle involved in complete ptosis
lateral palpebral superioris
muscle involved in partial ptosis
superior tarsal muscle
hornor syndrome
- ptosis
- miosis
- anhidrosis
arteries supplying the eyelids
- ophthalmic artery
- facial artery
- superior temporal artery
structures running through the tendinous ring (periorbita)
- optic nerve
- ophthalmic artery
- superior division of oculomotor
- abducent nerve
- inferior division of oculomotor
- nasociliary nerve
dura mater layers
- periosteal layer (attaches to skull)
- meningeal layer
dura mater beyond skull
beyond the foramen magnum only the meningeal layer of the dura mater covers the vertebrae and extends down the spinal cord
layer that the meningeal artery runs within
runs between the bony structure of skull and the periosteal layer of the dura mater
what artery supplies the dura mater
middle meningeal artery
where does the middle meningeal artery enter the skull
through the foramen spinosum
- sits behind pterion
what arteries supply the anterior part of the meninges
- anterior branch of the middle meningeal artery
- anterior meningeal arteries from ethmoid artery
innervations of the dura
trigeminal
what structures run within the cavernous sinus
- abducens
- internal carotid
what structures run outside against the wall of the cavernous sinus
- V1 & V2
- oculomotor
- trochlear
where are emissary veins seen
between skull and sinuses
where are cerebral veins seen
between subarachnoid space and perforate the meningeal layer of the dura mater to enter the dural venous sinus
location of cerebral arteries and veins
run in the subarachnoid space
location of pterion
- 1 cm circle
- 2.6cm behind and 1.3cm above the posterolateral margin of the frontozygomatic suture
superior sagittal sinus
venous structure running at the top of the falx cerebri
what are the dural partitions
- falx cerebri
- falx cerebeli
- tentorium cerebeli
- diaphragma sellae
