Lecture 2

Question 1

Composition of DNA

Answer 1

Phosphate-deoxyribose backbone with internal nucleobases bound together by hydrogen bonds

Question 2

Packaging of DNA in eukaryotic vs prokaryotic cells

Answer 2

Eukaryotes: Chromatin consists of nucleosomes that are made up by a histone octamer with histone tails. DNA is wrapped around the nucleosomes - two turns.

Bacteria: 4 macrodomains. The genome is organised into definite structures by binding of nucleoid associated proteins (NAPs).

Question 3

Location of DNA in eukaryotes and prokaryotes

Answer 3

Eukaryotes: in the nucleus
Prokaryotes: the genome is found in the nucleoid and is bound to proteins - not enclosed by membrane = can do transcription and translation at the same time.