What is stroke volume
The volume of blood ejected each systole
What are the 2 types of tissue in the heart?
Muscle and conductive
What are two features of an artery?
- thick smooth muscle wall
- carries O2 rich blood AWAY from heart.
What are two features of veins?
- thin walled
- carry** O2 poor** blood TOWARD the heart
In pulminary circulation veins carry ____ blood ____ the heart and arteries carry ____ blood ____the heart
veins carry O2 rich blood TOWARD from the heart.
Arteries carry O2 poor blood AWAY from the heart
In the hearts 2-chamber system: the atria ____ and the ventricles ______
Atria prime and ventricles push the blood around
True or False: Organs are in paralell.
TRUE: this gives us low resistance, independence regulation with equal oxygenation.
What are the two A-V vales
A-V is atrioventricular
Tricuspid and Mitral (or bicuspid)
What do valves do?
They prevent backflow by keeping blood flow in one direction
True or False: Valves open and close passively.
TRUE. muscles do NOT open or close valves
What is isometric contraction?
valves in the heart remain closed until pressure is high enough to open them
Blood circulation relies on:
- self generate rhythmical impluse from the right atrium that iniates heart contraction
- the atria priming
- conduction tissue propigating electrical signals from atria to ventricles at the right time
- all portions of both ventricles contract almost simultaneously
4 Main functions of the caridac frame:
- anchors and stablizes the valves to the interior walls of the heart
- Keeps the AV and Semi-lunar valves round and prevents them from distending
- provides an insertion point for heart muscle bundles and seperates atria from ventricles
- acts as an electrical insulator, preventing pre-mature impluses from passing through
What is systole?
ventricle muscles are stimulated by action potential and are contracting
What is diastole?
Ventriculat muscles are relaxing and refilling. Na+/K+/Ca2+ gradients are restablished
As heart rate INCREASES, systole ____ and diastole ____
Systole: remains the same
Diastole: gets shorter
What is the Frank-Starling Mechanism?
the more the heart is stretched during filling, the more force and contrations is needed, thus more blood is pumped into the aorta.
the stretching causes actin and myosin filaments to become a more optimal length and overalp for foce generation
