Lecture 2: Eukaryotes

Question 1

What are some organelles of a eukaryote?

Answer 1

• Mitochondrion
• Lysosome
• Peroxisome
• Golgi apparatus
• Cytosol
• Endosome
• Endoplasmic reticulum
• Transport vesicle
• Nuclear envelope

Question 2

How do bacterial features compare with eukaryotic?

Answer 2

Genome
* Bacteria: Usually circular DNA, one chromosome, and lacks introns.

• Eukaryote: Linear DNA; multiple chromosomes, in pairs; may have introns.

Location of DNA
* Bacteria: Nucleoid region in cytoplasm.

• Eukaryote: Contained within membrane-enclosed nucleus.

Cell wall
* Bacteria: Usually present, composed of peptidoglycan.

• Eukaryote: If present, composed of cellulose (algae) or chitin (fungi).

Internal membranes
* Bacteria: May have energy-transduction lamellae.

• Eukaryote: Extensive membranous organelles.