Lecture 24: Upper Limb Bones

Question 1

Each upper limb has how many bones

Answer 1

32 on each arm

Question 2

What bones are involved in the pectoral girdle?

Answer 2

• Clavical
• Scapula

Question 3

Describe the structure, location, and function of the clavicle

Answer 3

• S shaped, long bone
• Extends between the sternum and the scapula
• Transmits force from upper limb to axial skeleton

Question 4

Describe the structure and location of the scapula

Answer 4

• Triangular in shape
• Located on the posterior surface of the shoulder

Question 5

Where is the coracoid process located?

Answer 5

On the anterior surface of the scapula

Question 6

What is the structure, location and function of the coracoid process?

Answer 6

• Hook-like
• Inferior to clavicle
• Attachment point for muscles of the anterior arm and chest

Question 7

Where is the scapular spine located?

Answer 7

On the posterior surface of the scapula

Question 8

What does the scapular spine do?

Answer 8

Divides the posterior surface into two regions

Question 9

Where is the acromion process located?

Answer 9

On the posterior surface of the scapula

Question 10

What is the acromion process?

Answer 10

Projection of the spine that articulates with the clavicle at the acromioclavicular joint

Question 11

Describe the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 11

Plane type synovial joint
Transmits force and assists in scapular and shoulder range of motion

Question 12

Describe the location and structure of the glenoid fossa

Answer 12

• Shallow cavity
• Articulates with the head of the humerus to form the glenohumeral joint

Question 13

Describe the glenohumeral joint

Answer 13

• Synovial ball and socket joint
  Involved in flexion and extension, abduction and adduction, circumduction, and medial and lateral rotation

Question 14

How many bones does the arm region consist of?

Answer 14

1 - the humerous

Question 15

Describe the location of the greater tubercle on the humerus

Answer 15

Laterally on the humerus

Question 16

Describe the location of the lesser tubercle on the humerus

Answer 16

Medial and Anterior on the humerus

Question 17

Describe the location of the condyles of the humerus. What are their names?

Answer 17

On the distal end of the humerus
- The trochlea is medial
- The capitulum is lateral

Question 18

Describe the epicondyles of the hymerus

Answer 18

On the distal end of the humerus
- Bony projections

Question 19

What are the two distal depressions on the humerus?

Answer 19

• The coronoid fossa and the olecranon fossa

Question 20

What are the two bones involved in the forearm

Answer 20

The radius (lateral) and ulna (medial)

Question 21

Describe the components of the radius

Answer 21

• Head
• Neck
• Shaft
• Ulnar notch
• Styloid process

Question 22

Describe the components of the ulna

Answer 22

• Trochlear notch
• Coronoid Process
• Radial Notch
• Olecranon
• Shaft
• Head
• Styloid process

Question 23

Describe the articulations of the elbow joint

Answer 23

Trochlea of humerus –> Trochlear notch of ulna
Capitulum of the humerus –> Head of the radius

Question 24

What type of joint is the elbow joint. What is it’s function?

Answer 24

Hinge-type synovial joint
- Flexion and extension of the forearm

Question 25

Describe the function of the radioulnar joints

Answer 25

Involved in supination and pronation The radius twists arond the ulna and for supination and pronation

Question 26

What are the bones of the wrist. ow many are there?

Answer 26

Carpal bones - 8 bones - 2 rows of 4

Question 27

The palm/hand is made of what bones? How many are there?

Answer 27

Metacarpals - 5 bones, one for each digit

Question 28

The fingers/digits are made of what bones? How many are there?

Answer 28

Phalanges - 14 bones - Thumb - 2 phalanges - Digit - 2-5 (3 phalanges each)