Lecture 25

Question 1

Common causes of cell injury

Answer 1

Metabolic: oxygen deprivation, nutritional
Chemical
Physical
Biological
Immunological
Genetic
Aging

Question 2

Intracellular systms affected by injury

Answer 2

Cell membrane integrity
ATP production
Protein synthesis
Genomic or chromosomal integrity

Question 3

Early cellular responses to injury

Answer 3

Cloudy swelling
Hydropic degeneration: stain faintly
Fatty change: accumulate ACG

Question 4

Cellular adaptations to nonlethal injury

Answer 4

Atrophy
Hypertrophy
Hyperplasia
Metaplasia

Question 5

Hypertrophy

Answer 5

Reversible

Cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, uterus

Question 6

Hyperplasia

Answer 6

Endometrium
Prostate gland
RBC
Glandular epithelium of breast
Uterine enlargement

Question 7

Atrophy

Answer 7

Testis in elderly
Skeletal muscle
Brain

Question 8

Metaplasia

Answer 8

Respiratory epithelium
Cervical epithelium
Esophageal epithelium

Question 9

Dysplasia

Answer 9

Cervix, skin
High nuclei to cytoplasm ratio
Large nuclei with darkly staind chromatin
May lead to neoplasia
Borderline to reversibility

Question 10

Neoplasia

Answer 10

Irreversible

Benign or malignant