Lecture 26 - Validity

Question 1

Validity in science and statistics
- extent to which a conc___, concl__, or me___ is well founded and corresponds to the r___ w___

Answer 1

Extent to which a concept, conclusion or measurement is well founded and corresponds to the real world

Question 2

Measurement validity
- is measure measuring what it in___ to measure?
- is the measurement a___?
Study validity
- are the me___ of the study valid
- Do they represent the r__ wo__
- Are the results free of bi__?

Answer 2

intends
accurate
are the methods of the study valid
Do they represent the real world
Are the results free of bias

Question 3

Internal validity
- are the changes of the d___ variable really caused by the i___ variable
- st___ validity
External validity
- extrap___ (generalizing findings)

Answer 3

are the changes of the dependent variable really caused by the independent variable
Study validity
external
Extrapolation

Question 4

Factors to internal validity
- Are the me__ true
-Are the re___ free from error/true
Are there any threats?
- bi__, sa___, mea____, co__ var__ all affect interpretaion

Answer 4

Are the measures true
Are the results from from error/true
Threats can be bias, sampling, measurement, confounding variability all affect variability

Question 5

Controlling threats to internal validity
Ra___ assignment (required for cause and effect)
St__ de___
- Pl___ control (not an I__ V__ but a con___)
Single bl__/double bl___/ triple bl__

Answer 5

Random assignment
Study design
Placebo control (not an Independent variable but a condition)
Blind

Question 6

External Validity (app____)
Can the conclusion be applied to others in the pop__ or other pop___
Threats to external validity
- selection of sa___
- controlled en___ of ex___ procedures
- pre-te___
- Multiple tr___ interference effect

Answer 6

Application
Population x 2
Threats
- selection of sample
- controlled environment of experimental procedures
- pre-testing
- multiple treatment interference effect

Question 7

Controlling threats to external validity
Ra__ se___
St__ De__ (same as internal validity)
- testing eff___
- testing en____

Answer 7

Random selection
Study Design
Testing effect
Testing Environment

Question 8

Differences between Reliability and Validity
A measurement can be r__ and n___ v___ however it CANNOT be va___ if it’s not re___

Answer 8

A measurement can be reliable and not valid, however it cannot be valid if they are not reliable

Question 9

Construct validity

Answer 9

To assess whether a measure accurately represents the underlying concept or construct it instends to measure

Question 10

Logical or face validity

Answer 10

common sense, lowest level of validity

Question 11

content validity
relies on who?

Answer 11

people who are experienced in the field
- doesn’t represent all dimensions

Question 12

Criterion validity

Answer 12

gold standard
tests are related to a standard, predictive