lecture 28: urinary system

Question 1

functions of the kidneys

Answer 1

• regulation of blood ionic composition
• regulation of blood pH
• regulation of blood volume
• enzymatic regulation of blood pressure
• maintenance of blood osmolarity
• production of hormones
• regulation of blood glucose level
• excretion of blood glucose level
• excretion of wastes and foreign substances

Question 2

components of urinary system

Answer 2

• left kidney
• left ureter
• right kidney
• right ureter
• urinary bladder
• urethra
• hilum of the kidney
• layer: renal fascia, perirenal fat capsule, fibrous capsule

Question 3

path of urine drainage

Answer 3

collecting duct
papillary duct
minor calyx
major calyx
renal pelvis
ureter
urinary bladder

Question 4

renal circulation

Answer 4

• blood flow that supplies the kidneys w oxygen and nutrients and carries
• starts w renal arteries, which branch off from the abdominal aorta and supply each kidney w blood
• renal arteries then divide into smaller arterioles, which leads to the glomeruli
• after passing thru the glomeruli, blood flows into a network of capillaries called the peritubular capillaries, which surround the tubules of the nephrons, the functional units of the kidneys responsible for filtering blood and producing urine
• peritubular capillaries then join together to form venules, which in turn merge into larger renal veins
• renal veins carry the filtered and deoxygenated blood back to the heart to be reoxygenated and recirculated throughout the body

Question 5

path of blood flow

Answer 5

renal artery
segmental artery
interlobar arteries
arcuate arteries
cortical radiate arteries
afferent glomerular arterioles
glomerular capillaries
efferent glomerular arterioles
peritubular capillaries
peritubular venules
cortical radiate veins
arcuate veins
interlobar veins
renal vein