Lecture 30: Immune Evolution

Question 1

Do invertebrates have adaptive immunity ?

Answer 1

No only innate

Question 2

Why study evolution of immune system ?

Answer 2

1. Conserved elements important
2. Some elements more effective in some species
3. Discovery of new ways of regulating human immune mechanisms
4. Important differences in other species may be important to humans

Question 3

What is evolution ?

Answer 3

Emergence of new species due to inherite advantageous mutations

Question 4

What is molecular evolution composed of ?

Answer 4

1. Genome duplication
2. Chromosome duplication
3. Gene duplication
4. Time

Question 5

What are the methods of bacterial defence ?

Answer 5

1. Change pH
2. Generate oxygen
3. Scavenge nutrients
4. Kill enemy

Question 6

What are bacteriocins ?

Answer 6

Bacterial anti-bacterial mechanisms

Question 7

What type of peptides in antimicrobial peptides ?

Answer 7

Short peptides

Question 8

What are antimicrobial peptides encoded as ?

Answer 8

Inactive precursor proteins

Question 9

What are antimicrobial peptides expressed by ?

Answer 9

Neutrophils and epithelial cells