Affective Aspects?
- Also about how to design interactive systems that 1. convey emotional state and 2. elicit certain kinds of emotional responses in users, such as feeling at ease, comfort, motivated, and happiness
Another word for affective design?
Emotional design
Emotional design?
- Enabling technologies to give the impression of having emotions
- Designing interactive systems which evoke positive human emotions
Affective qualities?
Title, shape, structure, texture, menu, main images, and color (Zhang and Li)
Bright, tense, strong, deluxe, popular, adorable, colorful, simple, classic, futuristic, mystic, and hopeful (Kim, Lee and Choi)
Three levels of Processing
- Visceral level: rapid judgments of whats good/bad
- Behavioral level: control everyday behavior
- Reflective level: reflects upon the behavioral level
Visceral Design, is all about?
Emotional impact! Powerful emotional signals from the environment
Behavioral Design is about…?
Use and performance
What are the components of behavioral design? (4)
- Function: identity needs to fulfill
- Understandability: Establish a proper conceptual model
- Usability: How well does the product perform?
- Physical feel: Interaction between sensory systems and the environment
Reflective design is what?
Message, culture, meaning of the product. The image presented to others.
The essence of reflective design?
it’s all in the mind of the beholder (fulfill people’s emotional needs)
Does the three levels of processing interact with one another?
Yes. Everything has both a cognitive and an affective component
◼ Cognitive to assign meaning (how we think)
◼ Affective to assign value (how we feel)
◼ Feeling changes our thinking
What makes things better?
Attractiveness and beauty. Both at:
- visceral level: surface look of an object
- Reflective level: also influenced by knowledge, learning, and culture
AND: Usability and Aesthetics are correlated. Things that are attractive, are perceived easier to use
Why does attractive things work better?
◼ Emotional systems change how the cognitive system operates
◼ Emotions aid in decision making
◼ Positive emotions are critical to learning, curiosity, and creative thought
◼ Negative emotions narrow thought processes
◼ Hence, attractive things make people feel good, which in turn makes it easier for people to find solutions to the problems
◼ Also, we want those things that we find pleasing to succeed
Basic things to think about while Designing Affective Interfaces
- Use visual element to trigger emotions (color, animation etc)
- Creative and smart interactions
- Use well-crafted microcopy/copy to express emotions
- Provide an engaging experience with unique design style and theme
How do you reduce User Frustration in 3 steps?
- Go through the flow of operations, point of decisions, and paths
- Give an emotion tag for every element identified above: :) or :(
- Optimize the affective design for every element tagged (turn frustration into safe or even happy)
- AVOID threatening error messages!
Shneiderman’s guidelines for error messages?
- Be courtenus
- avoid using terms like fatal, invalid, bad
- audio warnings should be under user’s control
- avoid uppercase and long code numbers
- messages should be precise rather than vague
- provide context-sensitive help
What is Persuasive Technologies?
Interactive techniques, computing systems deliberately designed to change people’s attitudes and behavior
Interactive design have been used to…?
entice, cajole, and persuade people to do something they might not have otherwise done.
ex. Pop-up ads, warning messages, reminders, prompts, personalized messages, recommendations, Amazon 1- click. OR the piano stairs, or stop smoking notes or counter
How to Create Persuasive Technologies?
Create the perception of progress
– Endowed progress effect: as people come closer to completing a set, the urge to complete the set becomes even stronger
– Sequencing effect: break the task down into small steps to motivate people
How many levels of processing and affective design?
3
The three overview aspects of affective aspects?
- expressive interface
- reducing frustration
- persuasive technologies
