Lecture 8 - Bacteria & Archeae

Question 1

3 domains of life

Answer 1

1. Bacteria (prokaryotes)
2. Archeae (prokaryotes)
3. Eukarya (eukaryotes)

Question 2

Classification of life before the 3 domains

Answer 2

there used to be 5 kingdoms

1. Monera (prokaryotes)
2. Protista
3. Plantae
4. Fungi
5. Anamalia

Question 3

which of the 3 domains are more closely related

Answer 3

Archeae and Eukarya are more closely related

Question 4

Prokaryotic forms

Answer 4

1. individual cells (coccus, bacillus, spiral)
2. Temporary or permanent aggregates/colonies
3. simple multicellular forms

Question 5

basic structure of prokaryotes

Answer 5

- > no membrane-bound organelles

• > plasma membrans

* some have internal membranes to increase surface area for metabolic activity and exhange with the environment

Question 6

Prokaryotic Genetics (DNA)

Answer 6

• > small and circular
• > no nucleus, nucleoid region instead
• > some have plasmids(small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule)

Question 7

factors which contribute to the genetic diversity of prokaryotes

Answer 7

1. Rapid reproduction
2. Mutation
3. Genetic recombination

Question 8

hypothesis for why food rots

Answer 8

there is a competition between microbes (bacteria) and macrobes (us) for the resources so microbes releases chemicals that make food smell bad so macrobes stay away from their food

• > they can alter the properties of these resources to avoid losing the resources to vertebrate consumers

Question 9

How can spices fight microbes

Answer 9

they inhibit bacterial growth and can act as bacterial killers

Question 10

Asgard archaea

Answer 10

• > closely related to eukarya
• > Asgard archaea affiliate with eukaryotes in phylogenomic analyses