Three main areas in cerebral cortex
- Sensory
- Motor
- Association
Sensory areas receive what? What are they involved in?
receive sensory information and are involved in perception
Motor areas
control the execution of voluntary movement
Association areas
deal with more complex integrative functions
i.e. memory, emotions, reasoning, judgment…
Main parts of the Sensory areas
- Primary Somatosensory area
- Primary Visual Area
- Primary Auditory Area
- Primary Gustatory Area
- Primary Olfactory Area
Primary Somatosensory Area Location
Brodmann’s Areas 1, 2, 3
Postcentral Gyrus of parietal lobe
Primary Somatosensory Area Main information
- receives nerve impulses for touch, pressure,
vibration, itch, tickle, temperature, pain, proprioception - a map of the entire body is present here
sensory homunculus - each point in the area receives impulses from a specific part of the body
- size of the area in the brain depends on the number of receptors in that part of the body (nothing to do with the size of the body part)
Primary Visual Area Location
Area 17
Occipital Lobe
Primary Visual Area Information
- Receives visual information and involved in visual perception
Primary Auditory Area Location
Areas 41 and 42
Temporal Lobe
Primary Auditory Area Information
- receives auditory information and involved in auditory perception
Primary Gustatory Area Location
Area 43
Parietal cortex
Primary Gustatory Area Information
- Receives impulses for taste and involved in
gustatory perception and taste discrimination
Primary Olfactory Area Location
Area 28
Primary Olfactory Area Information
- Receives impulses for smell and involved in
olfactory perception
Main Parts of the Motor Areas
- Primary Motor Area
- Broca’s Speech Area
Primary Motor Area Location
Area 4
- in precentral gyrus
- frontal lobe
Primary Motor Area Information
- map of entire body here motor homunculus
- each region controls voluntary contractions of
specific muscles or groups of muscles - electrical stimulation of any point here causes
contraction of specific skeletal muscle fibers on the opposite side of the body - bigger area for muscles involved in skilled complex or delicate movement
Broca’s Speech Area Location
Which hemisphere m/c in people?
Areas 44 and 45
in 97% of people it’s located in the left hemisphere
Broca’s Speech Area Information
from here, impulses go to premotor areas that control speech muscles and to primary motor areas
Main Parts of Association Areas
- Somatosensory Association Area
- Visual Association Area
- Fascial Recognition Area
- Auditory Association Area
- Orbitofrontal Cortex
- Wernicke’s Area
- Prefrontal Cortex
- Frontal Eye Field Area
Somatosensory Association Area location
Areas 5 and 7
Somatosensory Association Area info
- receives input from primary somatosensory area, thalamus and other areas
- lets you determine the exact shape and texture of an object by feeling it
- also memory of past somatic sensory experiences
Visual Association Area Location
Areas 18 and 19
Occipital Lobe
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Cervical Plexus Blank Image10
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Cervical Plexus10
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Spinal Cord Anatomy47
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Brachial Plexus Blank Image16
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Lumbar Plexus Blank Image7
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Sacral Plexus Blank Image11
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Brachial Plexus16
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Lumbar Plexus6
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Sacral Plexus15
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Pathologies34
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brodmanns areas19
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cerebellum44
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review questions (midterm)38
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Lesson130
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Lesson253
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Lesson328
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Lesson 410
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Lesson 528
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Lesson 626
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Lesson 734
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Lesson 851
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lecture 943
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lecture 1098
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lecture 1177
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lecture 1227
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CRANIAL NERVE COMPONENTS/FUNCTIONS14
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Cranial nerve pathways21
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cranial nerves 298
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Review Document (Final)116
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brodmans19
