Norm Rad II > lecture final > Flashcards

lecture final Flashcards

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1
Q

a right marker on a shoulder view indicates that it is the patient’s ____ shoulder

A

right

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2
Q

LONG BONES Views:

A

A-P VIEWLATERAL VIEW

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3
Q

JOINTS Views:

A

A-P VIEWLATERAL VIEWOBLIQUE VIEWS (MEDIAL, LATERAL, FROG LEG)

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4
Q

Placement may be due to patient ability example: A-P elbow cannot be done _____

A

P→A

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5
Q

You always want to include the _____ closest to the trauma when taking an xray

A

joint

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6
Q

Placement may be due to object closer to the film example: ____ wrist flattens the carpals

A

P→A

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7
Q

Shoulder Views (4)

A

NEUTRALINTERNAL ROTATION (bicipital groove not visible)EXTERNAL ROTATION (bicipital groove visible)BABY ARM (aka Abduction)

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8
Q

In the External rotation view we are looking for fractures on the ______

A

greater tuberosity

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9
Q

Arm Views (2)

A
  1. A-P2. LATERAL
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10
Q

Elbow Views (4)

A
  1. A-P2. LATERAL3. MEDIAL OBLIQUE4. LATERAL OBLIQUE
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11
Q

Forearm views (2)

A
  1. A-P2. LATERAL
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12
Q

Wrist views (4)

A
  1. P-A2. LATERAL3. MEDIAL OBLIQUE4. ULNAR DEVIATION
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13
Q

Hand Views(3)

A
  1. P-A2. LATERAL 3. MEDIAL OBLIQUE
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14
Q

Fingers Views (3)

A
  1. P-A2. LATERAL 3. MEDIAL OBLIQUE
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15
Q

thumb 3

A
  1. P-A2. LATERAL 3. MEDIAL OBLIQUE
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16
Q

Hip Views (2)

A

A-PFROG LEG

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17
Q

Femur Views(2)

A

A-PLateral

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18
Q

Knee views (4)

A

A-PLATERALMEDIAL OBLIQUESUNRISE (ONLY TAKEN IF DIRECT BLOW TO PATELLA OR TO LOOK AT JOINT SPACE)

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19
Q

Leg Views (2)

A

A-PLateral

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20
Q

Ankle Views(3)

A

A-PLATERALMEDIAL OBLIQUE

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21
Q

Foot and Toes (3)

A

A-PLATERALMEDIAL OBLIQUE

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22
Q

_____ fracture: did not break the skin_____ fracture: broke through the skin

A

ClosedOpen

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23
Q

_____ fracture: two or more fragments_____ fracture: two separate pieces

A

ComminutedNon-comminuted

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24
Q

Most commonly affected segments with a fracture:

A

C-1C-2C5-C-7T-12-L-2

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25
_____% of spinal fractures or dislocations involve cord injuries
10-14%
26
_____ is an tearing away type of fracture, usually occurs in the lower cervical spine area
Avulsion
27
_____ is an avulsion fracture
CLAY SHOVELER'S
28
CLAY SHOVELER'S is a type of avulsion fracture of the ______
cervical spine's spinous process
29
_____ fracture, aka Seatbelt fracture, usually occurs in car accidents from the inappropriate use of seat belts
Chance
30
Chance fractures result in a ____ fracture of a _____
transverse, single vertebral body
31
_____ fracture, aka Jefferson's fracture, is due to vertical blow to the head
burst
32
Burst fractures result in four fracture sites on ____ (4)
atlasFront BehindBoth lateral masses
33
Most common cause of Jefferson's fracture is _____
head first dive into shallow pool
34
_____ fracture, aka Hangman's fracture
Jackson's
35
Jackson's fracture happens at ____ and is usually accompanied by a teardrop fracture of the ____ aspect of the vertebral body
C-2, anterior/inferior
36
Hangman's fracture happens at the ____ area of C-2, usually occurring in car accidents from severe _____ of the head and neck
pedicle, hyperextension
37
_____ fracture is usually seen in children. Bone has a little bend to it, and the concave side will remain intact
Greenstick
38
____ fracture is a significant loss of height of vertebral body, may be due to trauma or pathology
Compression
39
_____ aka Smith's fracture
Reversed Colles
40
Reversed Colles fracture happens at the_____ aspect of the radius with _____ displacement of the ____ end of the radius. Results from the backward fall with arms put back to break the fall.
distal, anterior, distal
41
_____ fracture is at the second or third metacarpal neck with anterior displacement of the metacarpal head
Boxer's
42
_____ fracture is at the fourth or fifth metacarpal neck with anterior displacement of the metacarpal head
Bar Room
43
_____ fracture is of the distal end of the radius with posterior displacement of the distal end of the radius. Results from the face forward fall with arms outstretched
Colles
44
_____ fracture is an oblique fracture of a long bone, happens often in child abuse
Spiral
45
If _____ line crosses it is a spondylolisthesis
Ullman's line
46
Meyerding Grading1-4 ______>4 ______
spondylolisthesisspondyloptosis
47
Fergusons weight line should cross the _____ of the sacral base
anterior 1/3
48
Hip Joint WidthSuperior and axial lines should be no more than ____mm and should _____ each other. The medial line should _____
4mm, equaldouble the amoubt of the superior and axial line
49
Femoral AngleNormal Range ______˚ 130˚ _____
120-130˚Coxa varaCoxa valga
50
Teardrop distanceNormal Range _____mm avg ____mm
6-11mm9mm
51
Lumbosacral disc angleNormal Range_____˚ 15˚ is _____
10-15˚disc herniationfacet impression
52
Other tests to determine platybasia_____ LineN: Dens not greater than ____ mm _____ the line_____ LineN: should see some occipital bone lower than the _____
Chamberlain's3, above
53
Platybasia is determined by: ______ AngleNormal Range: ___________ than this represents platybasia
Martin's Basilar 123˚-152˚Greater
54
______ is the most universally accepted (Mds, courts, deposition) to determine platybasiaThe Dens:Normal: not greater than ____ mm for malesnot greater than ____ mm for females
McGregor's Line8mm10mm
55
Posterior Ponticus is seen in _____% of the population
14%
56
A cervical rib is is present in _____% of the population
0.5%
57
Sella turcicaAP _____ avg ____S-I _____ avg ____
5-16mm, 114-12mm, 8
58
Cobb Lippman_____˚ observe for progression_____˚ bracing_____˚ surgical intervention
0-20˚20-40˚>40˚
59
Sacral InclinationNormal Range_____˚ Avg ____˚
30-72˚46˚
60
Lumbar lordosisNormal Range_____˚ Avg ____˚
50-60˚55˚
61
Cervical LordosisNormal Range _____˚ avg ____˚
35-45˚40
62
Lumbosacral angleNormal Range_____˚ Avg ____˚
26-57˚41˚
Norm Rad II
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