_______ is the arrangement of different soils
with similar properties into groups and subgroups
based on their application.
Soil classification
Soils may be classified in a general way as:
- Cohesive vs. cohesionless
- Fine- grained vs. coarse grained
- Residual vs. Transported
A more _____ classification is necessary to determine
the suitability of a soil for specific engineering purposes.
refined
A number of classification systems have been
proposed since the ______
1st quarter of the 20th century
Most of the soil classification systems that
have been developed for engineering
purposes are based on simple index properties
such as ______ distribution and
_______.
particle-size, plasticity
A soil classification system represents, in effect, a
_______ of communication between engineers.
language
Classification systems are used to group soils in
accordance with their general behavior under
given
physical conditions
This led to classifying soil by _____, and each agency
(Like FAA, AASHTO, USBR) has in mind specific use
for the soils.
use
Soil Classification Systems
- Textural Classification System
- AASHTO Classification System
- Unified Soil Classification System
In the textural classification system, the soils are
named after their ______
principal components
Generally the term texture is refereed wholly to the
______ characteristics of the soil particles.
size
______ soil particles with some small particles will give
COARSE-APPEARNCE or COARSE-TEXTURED soil
Large
_______ particles give a MEDIUM TEXTURED soil.
Smaller
_______ particles give FINE-TEXTURED soil.
Fine-grained
is soil composed of sand ,
silt ,and clay in relatively even
concentration (about 40-40-20%
concentration, respectively) .
Loam
The chart is based on only the fraction of soils that
passes through
No. 10 sieve (opening = 2 mm).
If a certain percentage of the soil particles are ______ 2
mm in diameter, then a correction will be
necessary.
greater than
The chart in concrete technology called
Feret Triangle.
TCS does not consider ______ which to great
extent influences the physical properties of soils
PLASTICITY
was
originally developed in the late 1920’s (1929) by the
U.S. Bureau of Public Roads (BPR) for the
classification of soils for highway subgrade use.
AASHTO soil classification system
It was developed as a result of the
work of _______
in the 1920’s
Hogentogler
AASHTO Adopted by Bureau of Public Roads in
____
1931
AASHTO : Acronym of
American Association of State
Highway and Transportation Officials.
AASHTO went through various revisions since _____, and the
classification system received its last revision in
_______
1929, 1974
