Lesson 1

Question 1

Definition of Counseling (American Counseling Association/ACA)

Answer 1

The 𝗮𝗽𝗽𝗹𝗶𝗰𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 of mental health, psychological or human development principles, through cognitive, affective, behavioral or systemic interventions, strategies that address wellness, personal growth, or career development, as well as pathology

Question 2

Definition of Counseling (Patterson)

Answer 2

Counseling is a 𝐩𝐫𝐨𝐟𝐞𝐬𝐬𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐚𝐥 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐡𝐢𝐩 established voluntarily by an individual who feels the need of psychological help, with a person trained to provide help.

Question 3

Definition of Counseling (Williamson)

Answer 3

It is helping people to learn how to solve their own problems.

Question 4

Definition of Counseling (Rogers)

Answer 4

A 𝐬𝐭𝐫𝐮𝐜𝐭𝐮𝐫𝐞𝐝 𝐫𝐞𝐥𝐚𝐭𝐢𝐨𝐧𝐬𝐡𝐢𝐩 which allows the client to gain an understanding of himself to a degree of taking positive steps in the light of his new orientation

Question 5

3 Guidance Goals

Answer 5

• self-understanding
• self-reliance
• self-direction

Question 6

Counseling is considered as the?

Answer 6

heart of guidance programs

Question 7

7 Goals of Counseling

Answer 7

• Generic Goals
• Developmental Goals
• Preventive Goals
• Enhancement Goals
• Exploratory Goals
• Remedial Goals
• Reinforcement goals

Question 8

Generic Goals

Answer 8

Can be targeted to everyone depending upon the stage at which the individual has encountered

Question 9

Developmental Goals

Answer 9

When clients are assisted in preparing for their anticipated growth and development in the physical, emotional, social, cognitive and spiritual dimensions.

Question 10

Preventive Goals

Answer 10

When clients are helped to avoid experiencing undesired outcomes

Question 11

Enhancement Goals

Answer 11

when clients encountered need is to be helped to identify, recognize and enhance unused and underused talents, skills and abilities

Question 12

Exploratory Goals

Answer 12

When clients do not believe they have an existing problem but can benefit from examining options, testing skills and trying new and different activities, environments, relationships etc.

Question 13

Remedial Goals

Answer 13

Clients are assisted to overcome or solve an already existing concern

Question 14

Reinforcement Goals

Answer 14

When clients are already taking action for resolving their concerns or already have planned a course of action when they come for counseling

Question 15

Human Dimensional Goals

Answer 15

• Cognitive Goals
• Psychological Goals
• Physiological Goals

Question 16

Cognitive Goals

Answer 16

Refer to the development of the intellect

Question 17

Psychological Goals

Answer 17

Refer to the development of good intra– (self) and interpersonal skills

Question 18

Physiological Goals

Answer 18

Refer to the development of basic understanding and habits for good health (diet and fitness)

Question 19

Scope of Counseling

Answer 19

• Individual Counseling
• Group Counseling
• Multiple Counseling

Question 20

Individual Counseling

Answer 20

Interaction is between two (2) people only: the client and the counselor

Question 21

Group Counseling

Answer 21

Involves several persons with similar concerns and desired common goals with one counselor
Ideally maximum of 10 individuals

Question 22

Multiple Counseling

Answer 22

Involves more than one counselor which handles the individual, a couple or a group (family)

Question 23

Two types of Multiple Counseling

Answer 23

• Couple Counseling
• Family Counseling

Question 24

Scope of Counseling Acc. to Areas Covered

Answer 24

• Academic/Educational
• Vocational/Occupational/Career
• Personal/Social

Question 25

Academic/Educational

Answer 25

focuses mainly on school and academic concerns: school selection; school entry, school adjustment; and school maintenance.

Question 26

Vocational/Occupational/Career

Answer 26

focuses mainly on the selection of or the proper preparation for the world of work

Question 27

Personal/Social

Answer 27

usually focuses on the interpersonal and intrapersonal growth of a person and can be extended to any one at any age

Question 28

Core Values

Answer 28

- 𝗘𝗻𝗵𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 human development throughout the lifespan; - 𝗛𝗼𝗻𝗼𝗿𝗶𝗻𝗴 diversity and embracing a multicultural approach in support of the worth, dignity, potential, and uniqueness of people within their social and cultural contexts - 𝗣𝗿𝗼𝗺𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗻𝗴 social justice - 𝗦𝗮𝗳𝗲𝗴𝘂𝗮𝗿𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 the integrity of the counselor-client relationship - 𝗣𝗿𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗴 in a competent and ethical manner.

Question 29

Principles of Counseling

Answer 29

- Each client must be accepted as an individual and dealt with as such - Counseling is basically a permissive relationship; that is, the individual has permission to say what they please without being reprimanded or judged - Counseling emphasizes thinking with, not for the individual - All decision-making rests on the client - Counseling is centered on the difficulties of the client. - Counseling is a learning situation which eventually results in a behavioral change. - Effectiveness in counseling depends largely on the readiness of the client to make changes and the therapeutic relationship with the counselor. - The counseling relationship is confidential

Question 30

Roles of Counselors

Answer 30

- As Counselor - As Coordinator - As Consultant - As Conductor of Activities - As Change Agent

Question 31

Counseling Skills needed to facilitate change;

Answer 31

- recognizing needs - analyzing problems - setting goals - obtaining needed resources - generating and evaluating solutions

Question 32

Functions of Counselors

Answer 32

- Screening - Intake - Orientation - Assessment - Treatment Planning - Counselling (Individual, Group and Significant Others) - Case Management - Crisis Intervention - Client Education - Referral - Reporting and Record Keeping - Consultation with Other Professionals in Regard to Client Treatment/Services

Question 33

Screening

Answer 33

process by which the client is determined appropriate and eligible for admission to a particular program

Question 34

Intake

Answer 34

administrative and initial assessment procedures for admission to a program

Question 35

Orientation

Answer 35

describing to the client the following: general nature and goals of the program

Question 36

Assessment

Answer 36

procedures by which a counselor/program identifies and evaluates an individual’s strengths, weaknesses, problems and needs for the development of a treatment plan

Question 37

Treatment Planning

Answer 37

process by which the counselor and the client… - identify and rank problems needing resolution - establish agreed upon immediate and long-term goals - decide upon a treatment process and the resources to be utilized

Question 38

Counselling (Individual, Group, and Significant Others)

Answer 38

utilization of special skills to assist individuals, families or groups in achieving objectives

Question 39

Case Management

Answer 39

may involve liaison activities and collateral contacts

Question 40

Crisis Intervention

Answer 40

services that respond to an alcohol and/or drug abuser’s needs during acute emotional and/or physical distress

Question 41

Client Education

Answer 41

involves the provision of information to individuals and groups concerning alcohol and other drug abuse and the available services and resources.

Question 42

Referral

Answer 42

process of identifying the needs of a client that cannot be met by the counselor or agency and assisting the client to utilize the support systems and avail the services

Question 43

Reporting and Record Keeping

Answer 43

involves charting the results of the assessment and treatment plan, writing reports, progress notes, discharge summaries and other client-related data

Question 44

Consultation with Other Professionals in Regard to Client Treatment/Services

Answer 44

involves relating with in-house staff or outside professionals to assure comprehensive, quality care for the client

Question 45

As Counselor

Answer 45

aims to help people overcome obstacles to their personal and educational/professional growth towards maximum dev’t of potential

Question 46

As Coordinator

Answer 46

identify and organize task to be done to facilitate guidance activities

Question 47

As Consultant

Answer 47

assist others to solve problems by suggesting interventions w/o direct contact with client

Question 48

As Conductor of Activities

Answer 48

carefully plans and conduct guidance activities that may promote positive movement in life

Question 49

As Change Agent

Answer 49

involve in the process of organizational change

Question 50

Competencies of Counselors

Answer 50

- The possession and demonstration of exemplary counseling and communication skills, reporting and record keeping - The ability to understand and promote client/student development and achievement - The ability to facilitate transitions and counsel clients/students toward the realization of their full career/educational potential - The ability to recognize, appreciate, and serve cultural differences and the special needs of students and families - The demonstration of Appropriate Ethical Behavior and Professional Conduct in the fulfillment of Roles and Responsibilities - The ability to develop, collect, analyze, and interpret data - The demonstration of advocacy and leadership in advancing the concerns of clients/students - The ability to organize and support Admission Counseling Program

Question 51

Areas of Specialization for Counselors

Answer 51

- School Counseling - Career Counseling - Marriage & Family Counseling - Child Abuse Counseling - Army Mental Health Counseling - Domestic Violence Counseling - Depression Counseling - Rehabilitation Counseling - Mental Health Counseling - Pastoral Counseling - Community Mental Health Counseling - Conflict Resolution Counseling - Substance Abuse Counseling - Suicide Intervention Counseling - Geriatric Counseling - Grief Counseling

Question 52

Career Opportunities for Counselors (Work)

Answer 52

- Mental Health Facilities - Educational Systems - Rehabilitation Facilities - Psychological Resources Centers - Career Centers - Correctional / Prison Facilities - Business Organizations - Industrial Organizations - Military Facilities - Geriatric Facilities - Pastoral Counseling - Religious Institutions - Social Services Centers - Law Enforcement Organizations - Legal / Forensic Centers - Non-profit /NGOs