Swine Production > Lesson 1 > Flashcards

Lesson 1 Flashcards

(48 cards)

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1
Q

the most important aspect in starting a pig farm

A

SELECTION OF BREEDING

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2
Q

Recommendation in selecting a breed

A
  1. Select breed combination or strain that is the most common in the community.
  2. Start preferably in the crossbred or upgraded animals
  3. Consider the market outlet and the consumer preference
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3
Q

2 Bases of Selection

A
  1. Physical Selection
  2. Performance
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4
Q

Contribute the half of the genetic make up of the whole herd

A

BOAR

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5
Q

Physical Traits of Boars

A
  1. Select boars that are masculine and well developed testicles of about the same size.
  2. Select boars that posses a strong constitution and high libid, but controlled temperament.
  3. Select boars with strong pasterns, particulary in hind legs, a strong back and a ling body
  4. Select boars with no physical and heredity defects such as hernias ( umbilical and scrotal) undescended testes (cryptorchidism) and blind or inverted teats
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6
Q

Performance Basis

A

1.Select boars that posses a good muscle development in the ham, loin, and shoulder. Avoid excessive backfat. Backfat thickness should not exceed 2cm in 90kg LW.
2. Select boars that show an ADG of not less than 800g (28-90kg LW) and a feed conversion efficiency of not more than 2.5. Boars should be atleast 90kg and not more than 160 days of age during selection

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7
Q

the other half of the genetic make up of the herd

A

GILTS

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8
Q

Pointers in selecting Gilts

A
  1. Select gilts with good temperament and smooth in general appearance
  2. Select gilts with atleast six pairs of prominent, well spaced teats
  3. Select gilts with relatively long body to comfortably accomodate the suckling pigs while nursing
  4. Select gilts with strong legs and pasterns.
  5. Select gilts with strong, straight, or slightlu arched, but not too broad back
  6. Select gilts with backfat of about 2cm at 90kg
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9
Q

The removal of undesirable individuals in terms of economically important traits and overall performance

A

Culling

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10
Q

Traits in culling

A

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11
Q

The mating of two purebred animals of the same breed.

A

Purebreeding

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12
Q

genetically to produce superior animals for commercial pig production systems

A

Purebreeding

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13
Q

mating of two individuals belonging to different breeds. this practice is to take advantage of the heterosis or hybrid vigor

A

Crossbreeding

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14
Q

the most practical and popular scheme fir the production of slaughter pigs

A

Production of triple cross pigs

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15
Q

mating of individuals that are closely related to each other by ancestry.

A

Inbreeding

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16
Q

the adverse effects of inbreeding

A

inbreeding depression

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17
Q

this should be maintained to determine the relationshio of the sire and dams in the herd to prevent inbreeding

A

Sound Record

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18
Q

Swine Breeder Farm Accreditstion program

A

Administrative Order No.14 Series of 2000

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19
Q

how many months does the swine reach puberty

A

5 months

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20
Q

how many days or in months does the gilts should be bred and how kls.

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A

225 or 7 and half months and weighing around 120 - 130 kls and cycled at leat twice

21
Q

How long does the estrous cycle last in sow and sexually mature gilts

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A

18 - 24 days
Average is 21 days

22
Q

How long does the estrous cycle last in sow and sexually mature gilts

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A

18 - 24 days
Average is 21 days

23
Q

how long does the estrous cycle lasts?

24
Q

Common signs of estrous

25
the surest indication of sow is in heat
her acceptance of the boar
26
Methods in Sexual Receptivity
1. Back pressure test 2.riding the back test 3. Semen on snout test 4. teaser boar method 5. examinatiin of external signs of estrous and records
27
how many days does the gestation in gilts and sows
110-119 days ranges 114 days the average 3 months, 3 weeks and 3 days
28
common signs of pregnancy
Cessation of estrous cycle Develops good appetite and fattens readily Enlargement of the abdoment in the latter part of the pregnancy
29
Methods and Equipment used in pregnancy diagnosis
Review of records Evaluation of external signs Ultrasound-amplitute depth ultrasound machind Ultrasound doppler test Ultrasound Scanner
30
involves bringing the boar to mate an "in heat" sow/gilt or vice versa, and then separting the two after mating
Natural mating or Hand mating
31
the most practical and efficient method to carry out genetic improvement in swine.
Artificial Insemination
32
Process of Success of Artificial Insemination
Training of Boar Semen Collection Semen Evaluation Semen Processing Semen Storage Handling and Transport of semen Inseminating an in heat sow/gilt Insemination Time
33
4 Sperm Fraction
1. Sperm rich Fraction 2. First gel with clear fluid fraction 3. Clear fluid Fraction 4. Gel rich fraction (Tapioca)
34
2 types of semen Evaluation
Physical and Microscopic
35
under the physical semen evaluation
Volume Appearance Smell/Odor
36
Under the microscopic semen evaluation
Concentration Morphology Motility
37
how many hours does the conception rate may be obtained by the semen
12 hours
38
allowas the use of one ejaculate for more than one female
Dilution
39
Ideal temperature of the semen
16 - 17 °C
40
use in lubricating the catheter
Spermicidal jelly paraffin oil few drops of semen
41
the best time to inseminate a gilt/sow on how many hours
30 hours of the estrous phase
42
A second dose given after?
12 hours fir gilts 24 for sows
43
how old the boar rich its puberty
4 - 6 months old
44
how old the boar is ready for breeding and how kls
8 month old 120-130 kls
45
when to buy boars
6-8 weeks
46
frequiency of semen collection
8-12 months one a week 13months - up 2-3 times a week (4 consecutive rest)
47
planned of culling the biar
30-36 months
48
replace boars every
1.5 - 2 years
Swine Production
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